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  Components of mitochondria with marker enzymes

Components of mitochondria with marker enzymes:

The ultra centrifugation and histochemical studies noticeably established that the major site of cellular oxidation is mitochondria. These all are sub cellular organelles and quite change in size and shape. Ellipsoidal, spherical or rod shaped structures computing approximately 0.5-5 µ in length and 0.1-0.6µ in width. Because, the energy released in the oxidation procedure is transformed into chemical energy (ATP). Mitochondria also known as power house of the cell. Therefore the number of mitochondria in a cell relies upon its metabolic activity. All the reducing equivalence which can release energy throughout oxidation of carbohydrates, fatty acids and proteins are exists in the mitochondria. In mitochondria, a series of catalysts considered as respiratory chain which collects these reducing equivalents and direct them in the direction of oxygen to form water (H2O).

The mitochondria’s electron microscopic picture the displays a double membrane, an outer and inner membrane that contains dissimilar specific enzymes. The folding of the inner membrane generates a number of partitions called cristae which extend into the matrix. The inner membrane surrounds the matrix and it is extremely selective in its permeability. Inner membrane is extremely complex in the structure and function of it. The space among the inner and the outer membrane is known as Inter membrane space that is surrounded through matrix. The mitochondria consist of its own circular DNA and ribosomes. A number of mitochondrial proteins are thus coded for and generated through the mitochondria itself. Other mitochondrial proteins are coded through nuclear DNA, synthesized via cytosolic ribosomes, and consequently transported to the mitochondria.

The structure of mitochondria (that is displayed in the below diagram) and the location of several necessary enzymes are given in the form of diagram. Because these enzymes

2011_mitochondria.jpg


                                               Diagram: Structure of Mitochondria

 

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