Question 1.
a. Abstract thoughts
b. The meanings of words
c. The system of rules governing word pronunciation in a given language
d. The system of rules governing word forms and how words should be strung together to form meaningful utterances
Question 2.
2. Which two factors determine the level of Fishman's Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Schema?
a. Language and cognitive behavior
b. Culture and intelligence
c. Personality and language
d. Family background and language
Question 3.
3. According to the _____________, immigrant bilinguals will tend to associate themselves with the values and beliefs of the culture associated with the language in which they are currently operating. Fill in the blank.
Dual values and beliefs
Culture-affiliation hypothesis
Minority-group affiliation hypothesis
Cross-cultural hypothesis
Question 4.
4. Observing nonverbal communication across cultures reveals that expression and interpretation of nonverbal communication is
Universal
Cross cultural
Culture specific
Stereotypical
Question 5.
5. Which of the following may be knowledge, ideas, concepts, thoughts, or emotions and is/are the information and meanings that are exchanged when two or more people communicate?
Messages
Gaze
Reactions
Speaking
Question 6.
6. The textbook defines which of the following as a set of behavioral and cognitive characteristics, traits, and predispositions that people use within different situations, contexts, and interactions, which contribute to differences among individuals?
Personality
Attitude
Beliefs
Religion
Question 7.
7. Which of the following examples is NOT one of the five dimensions of the Five-Factor Model?
Openness
Unconsciousness
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Question 8.
8. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding culture and personality?
Culture can substantially influence the characteristic adaptations through the resources, social structures, and social systems available in a specific environment to help achieve goals
Culture can influence values on various personality traits
Culture defines context and provides differential meaning to the components of context, including who is involved
Culture is not related to adaptations
Question 9.
9. Which is NOT a characteristic of personality in China?
a. Interpersonal harmony, avoidance of conflict, and maintenance of equilibrium
b. Self-protective rationalization and belittling of others' achievements.
c. Ah-Q Mentality (defensiveness)
d. Aggressiveness
Question 10.
10. What is proxy control?
a. A type of control in which one attempts to control the environment as a member of a group, and the group serves as the agent of control
b. A form of control that can be used when personal control, either direct or indirect, is not available or inappropriate
c. A type of control in which one's agency is hidden or downplayed
d. People's attribution of control over their behaviors and relationships as internal or external to themselves
Question 11.
11. Women are about how many more times more likely to experience depression than men, a gender difference that has been shown across race, ethnicity, socioeconomics, and culture?
Two
Three
Four
Same
Question 12.
12. Using primarily _____ (culture-specific) approaches involving ethnographic examinations of behavior within a specific cultural context, anthropologists and psychiatrists have identified several apparently unique forms of psychological disorders. Which word best fills the blank?
Emic
Etic
Emac
None of the above
Question 13.
13. Which of the following is an altered state of consciousness observed among Ethiopian immigrants in Israel that includes the belief in possession by spirits common in Africa and is expressed by involuntary movements, mutism, and incomprehensible language?
Zar
Whakama
Sinbyong
Avanga
Question 14.
14. Which of the following refers to bodily symptoms as expressions of psychological distress?
Underpathologizing
Cultural relativism
Acculturation
Somatization
Question 15.
15. Which of the following is NOT one of the assessment guidelines for practitioners to distinguish psychopathology and culture-related conditions by Paniagua (1998, 2000)?
Practitioners should not check their own cultural biases and prejudice before attempting to evaluate clients who are culturally different
Practitioners should not immediately jump to the conclusion that the client's symptoms are manifestations of a culture-bound syndrome simply because the client is of that culture
Practitioners should ask culturally appropriate questions that would allow the client and family members to elaborate on possible cultural factors that may help explain the disorder under consideration
Practitioners should familiarize themselves with the cultural background of the client by consulting with family members, peers, and folk healers
Question 16.
16. Cultural context is in part composed of moral traditions embedded in political structures, and psychotherapy is itself unavoidably a moral practice with political consequences embedded within a cultural framework. In this sense, there can be no value-free psychotherapy, because
All psychotherapy is bound to a particular cultural framework
Religious beliefs are different from group to group
Cultures are not tied to moral values and system
None of the above
Question 17.
17. For Western psychologists, which of the following is NOT important to understanding and treating distressed individuals? (Points : 4)
Focusing on yourself
Talking about the events of the day
Openly expressing your emotions
Being in touch with your inner self
Question 18.
18. A study by Bui and Takeuchi (1992) found that ________ adolescents were more likely to remain in treatment longer than European American adolescents, and that ___________ adolescents remained in treatment for the shortest time. Which terms, respectively, fill in the blanks correctly?
African American, Native American
Asian American, African American
Native American, Asian American
Latino American, Asian American
Question 19.
19. According to Stanley Sue, reasons why Asian Americans underuse mental health services include all of the following EXCEPT (Points : 4)
Shame
Loss of Face
Active avoidance of morbid thoughts
Service fee
Will power
Question 20.
20. In indigenous healing, the incorporation of traditional, spiritual, and religious beliefs are used as part of the treatment. All of the following are accurate descriptions of indigenous healing EXCEPT?
Reading verses from the Koran
Opening treatment with a prayer
Conducting treatment in religious houses or churches
All of the above
Question 21.
21. In chapter 9 of your text, the authors described cultural influences on verbal and nonverbal communication. Summarize the information presented in this part of the chapter and be sure to include a discussion of language acquisition, language differences, and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis for verbal communication and types of nonverbal behaviors and the functions of nonverbal communication in your discussion of nonverbal communication.
Question 22.
22. Chapter 12 in your text described cultural differences in the treatment of abnormal behavior as well as the difficulties of employing psychotherapy or the "talking cure" across all cultures. Summarize the research findings on traditional psychotherapy (including its origins in Western culture) and the differences seen in the implementation of psychotherapy. Include a brief discussion of utilization rates among various cultures as well.