Question: In responding to your classmates, consider how their perspective is similar to or different from yours and speculate about why the norm might occur at all. Be sure to prove assertions with research (both from the course materials and from other sources).--Reciprocity is not a uniquely American phenomenon because the expectation of returning favors exists in cultures all around the world. According to Alvin Gouldner (1960), reciprocity is a universal social norm that helps maintain cooperation and stability within societies. While cultures may differ in how reciprocity is expressed, the basic principle of giving back after receiving help appears to exist across many different social groups. For example, some collectivist cultures may focus more on supporting the group as a whole, while individualistic Western cultures may emphasize direct exchanges between individuals. Despite these differences, reciprocity still serves the same purpose of building trust and encouraging positive social relationships. Research also suggests that reciprocity may have developed because cooperation increased survival among humans over time. Robert Cialdini (2009) explains that people often feel psychologically uncomfortable receiving something without giving something in return. This can happen automatically, even when the favor was not requested. Burger et al. (2009) found that participants who received a small favor were more likely to return a survey regardless of whether anyone would know. Need Assignment Help?