Problem
California has recently passed a statute under Title VII prohibiting discrimination on the basis of national origin. Patty, a citizen of Ireland, is denied employment with the state on the grounds that he does not possess the necessary qualifications to work. The state only hires workers with U.S. passports and workers that can pass a standardized test at training school. Patty challenges this lack of hiring in Federal Court on 14th amendment equal protection grounds that he has been unlawfully discriminated against. What test will the court use to evaluate the law?