1. The Penrose process has been proposed as a means of
A energy extractionfrom a black hole.
B waking up students whohave fallen asleep during lectures about black holes.
C descending inside anevent horizon without falling all the way in.
D increasing the mass of ablack hole.
2. The no-hair theorem states that black holes
A neverrotate.
B never explode.
C may be defined by onlythree properties: mass, charge and spin.
D may be defined by onlythree properties: mass, entropy and spin.
3. Cepheid variable stars are invaluable in astronomy because ofthe close relationship between
A their absolutemagnitude and their surface temperatures.
B their absolute magnitudeand their pulsation period.
C their apparent magnitudeand their surface temperatures.
D their apparent magnitudeand their pulsation period.
4. The famous Curtis-Shapley debate in 1920 concerned whichfundamental astronomical question in astronomy?
A Whether the spiral"nebulae" were part of the Milky Way Galaxy or more distant,separate entities.
B Whether the universe wasexpanding outward in all directions.
C Whether the Sun was atthe center of the Milky Way Galaxy.
D Whether all stars werelike the Sun, or fundamentally different.
5. What is it that makes the study of the structure of our owngalaxy more difficult than that of much more distant spiralgalaxies?
A Most of our galaxyis hidden behind dense gas and dust clouds in the galacticplane.
B The galactic center isvisible only from the southern hemisphere where, until recently, nomajor telescopes were available for the study of galactic structure.
C Our galaxy is too close,such that photographs or images cannot be taken of the whole galaxyat any one time.
D Our star is within thegalaxy and its motion confuses the interpretation of the motion ofother parts of the galaxy.
6. The method used by Harlow Shapley in 1917 to estimate theSun's location in our Galaxy was the measurement of
A the locations ofglobular clusters around the Galaxy.
B the density of stars indifferent directions along the Milky Way.
C distances to open starclusters and H II regions in the disk of the Galaxy.
D the structure of theAndromeda galaxy and a comparison of this to the structure of ourgalaxy.