Problem
I. Compare and contrast the differences between homosporous plants and heterosporous plants.
II. Both spores (from nonvascular and seedless vascular plants) and seeds (from seed plants) can be dispersed by winds. When landed in an appropriate location, they will germinate and start a new generation. However, they are also different in many aspects.
i. Describe their structural differences (including ploidy).
ii. What evolutionary advantages can seeds provide over spores?
III. Describe the differences between a taproot system and a fibrous root system in vascular plants.
IV. Endodermis is very important for the transport of minerals into the xylem of vascular plants. Explain how the endodermis regulates this process.