Which of the following is NOT cited in the text as a factor that helps explain the patterns of interactions between Hispanics and the police? a. Hispanics' fear of exposure to investigation regarding immigration status. b. Hispanics' view that intervention by an "outsider" threatens the family's integrity. c. Hispanics' unwillingness to oppose criminal elements within their communities who do not want a police presence in the neighborhoods d. hispanics who do not speak english have difficulty communicating with police