Problem: Future studies that take into account the cultural context and use different test batteries are required. Fifth, as conscientiousness was solely rated by parents and achievement striving motivation only rated by adolescents in our studies, we cannot rule out the possibility that the results are driven by measurement-related factors (e.g., shared method variance). Hence, both self- and parental evaluations of traits and motives should be included in future work. Finally, since few previous studies have examined the associations of traits and motives with performance ratings from parents and students, research should further investigate subjective measures of academic achievement, in addition to grades, and also examine subjective performance ratings from teachers for a better understanding of academic achievement. Need Assignment Help?