1. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of junk mail?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is an invasion of privacy.
c. It is time consuming and intrusive.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.
2. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of spam?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is an invasion of privacy.
c. It is time consuming and intrusive.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.
3. Which of the following is the argument offered against direct marketing in the form of direct phone solicitation?
a. It is a waste and misuse of paper, adding to the depletion of forests and overtaxing landfills.
b. It is time consuming and intrusive.
c. It is an invasion of privacy.
d. It is a significant inconvenience because of the considerable volume.
4. Which of the following is true about the rights and obligations of employers in the employment-at-will doctrine?
a. Employers are free to hire whomever they choose but must give just cause for firing them.
b. Employers must hire the best qualified person for the job and must give just cause for firing them.
c. Employers are free to hire whomever they choose and to fire them whenever they choose.
d. Employers must fire the best qualified person for the job but can fire them whenever they choose.
5. Which of the following is true about affirmative action?
a. Qualified women and minority members cannot be given preference on the basis of sex or race.
b. Affirmative action justifies hiring unqualified women or minority members in preference to men.
c. Preferential hiring is a mandatory way of making adequate progress toward achieving affirmative-action goals.
d. Qualified women and minority members can morally be given preference in order to achieve affirmative action goals.
6. Which of the following is not a criticism of the employment-at-will doctrine?
a. The relationship is not symmetrical because the employee can set the conditions of employment because it is his or her labor that is purchased.
b. The relationship is not symmetrical because ordinary workers must work to get the wherewithal to live, and so he is both forced to work and lives in fear of losing his job if he has no contract guaranteeing him a secure position.
c. The relationship is not symmetrical because ordinary workers are not free to set the conditions of employment they way the employer is free to set the conditions for the potential employee.
d. The relationship is not symmetrical because the employee cannot work for whatever company he or she chooses, but is limited by the openings available and by the choice or choices offered.
7. Workers have all of the following rights EXCEPT:
a. Vacations
b. Promotion
c. Rest periods
d. Workdays of reasonable length
8. Which of the following is a utilitarian argument against discrimination?
a. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons.
They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are denied equal treatment and respect.
b. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
9. Which of the following is a Kantian argument against discrimination?
a. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
b. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons.
They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are denied equal treatment and respect.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
10. Which of the following is a Rawlsian argument against discrimination?
a. Since the least advantaged in a society would be better off in a nondiscriminatory society than in one that discriminates, the rational person would see that nondiscrimination is morally preferable.
b. People are treated as members of class with a certain characteristic, not as persons.
They are not ends in themselves, but because of that characteristic, they are deniedequal treatment and respect.
c. The dominant class has a desire to maintain its superiority and its class prerogatives.
d. Systematic discrimination produces a class of people who are arguably treated unjustly. Other groups in the society will also have cause to worry about whether they will be the next group to be discriminated against. On the whole, more harm than good is done.
11. Which of the following is an example of tangible property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
12. Which of the following is an example of intangible property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
13. Which of the following is an example of real property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
14. Which of the following is an example of intellectual property?
a. Land, buildings, and additions on the land
b. Money, stocks, bonds, financial securities
c. Expressions of ideas, inventions, discoveries
d. Some physical item that we can touch, though not usually land and buildings
15. From an ethical perspective, which is the proper response with regards to the length of a copyright?
a. Ethics cannot provide a specific period.
b. The longer contemporary period is better than the shorter historical period.
c. The shorter historical period is better than the longer contemporary period.
d. Both the shorter historical period and the longer contemporary period are best for their time periods.
16. What can ethical reflection tell us about the proper length of a copyright period?
a. No particular length is justified.
b. The period should vary with the quality of the work.
c. Some length or other is justified and an indefinitely long period is too long.
d. Whatever legal definition of the period's length is appropriate.
17. Which of the following is not covered by the doctrine of fair use?
a. Scholarly criticism and scholarship
b. Research
c. News reporting
d. Using copies instead of assigning a text
18. Which of the following is not an instance of privileged communication?
a. Patient-doctor confidentiality
b. Teacher-student confidentiality
c. Priest-penitent confidentiality
d. Lawyer-client confidentiality
19. Which of the following is an example of screening information that is provided for one
purpose to see if new useful information can be derived about customers?
a. Data mining
b. Hacking
c. Cracking
d. Monitoring
20. To which of the following is email legally comparable?
a. Regular mail
b. Telephone use
c. Certified mail
d. None of these.
21. Accessing pornographic sites while at work can constitute sexual harassment for which of the following reasons?
a. It can be offensive to coworkers.
b. It can take too much time away from work activities.
c. It can produce a sexually hostile environment.
d. It can suggest a quid pro quo to coworkers.
22. Which of the following is true about the right to privacy with relation to the Internet?
a. The right to privacy is ethically covered, but not legally.
b. The right to privacy is legally covered, but not ethically.
c. The right to privacy is neither ethically nor legally covered.
d. The right to privacy is both legally and ethically covered.
23. The introduction of the computer into business raises new problems. Of which of those new problems is the use of viruses, worms, and spam?
a. Computer crime
b. Computers and corporate responsibility
c. Computers and privacy
d. The changing nature of work
24. The issue of the availability of personal information is a problem of which of the following?
a. Computer crime
b. Computers and corporate responsibility
c. Computers and privacy
d. The changing nature of work
25. Which of the following can be true or false and tends to obscure the issue and location of truth?
a. Facts
b. Information
c. Data
d. Mistakes