State the Testing of Ketones in Urine
Ketones are also known as ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are catabolic products of free fatty acids and three ketone bodies that can be detected in urine are:
1. Acetone - 2%
2. Acetoacetic acid (Ac Ac) - 20%
3. B-Hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) - 78%
Determination of Ketone bodies in urine and blood are widely used in the management of patient, with diabetes mellitus specially monitoring of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). All patients with diabetes mellitus should test their urine for ketone bodies during acute illness, stress, persistent hyperglycaemia, pregnancy or symptoms of DKA like nausea, vomiting or pain abdomen.