Problem:
Cognitive psychology is the area of psychology that looks at how people think, remember, pay attention, understand language, and solve problems. All of these mental activities fall under the idea of cognition, which is basically how we take in information, make sense of it, hold onto it, and then use it. This field connects closely to everyday life. It helps explain why you might forget someone's name right after meeting them, why trying to multitask usually backfires, or why cramming the night before a test rarely works as well as people hope. It also shows up in practical settings like education, where it shapes how teachers design lessons, in clinical work with people who have memory or attention problems, and even in technology design, where understanding how people think can make apps and websites easier to use. Even though we cannot see thoughts, psychologists can still study them by looking at behavior. Things like how fast someone responds, how many mistakes they make, or where their eyes move can reveal what is happening mentally. The first person to seriously measure reaction time was Franciscus Donders in the 1800s. He compared simple tasks to ones that required choices and decisions and then used the differences in time to estimate how long different mental steps took. Around the same time, Hermann Ebbinghaus became the first to study forgetting in a careful, scientific way. Need Assignment Help?