Determine the bit rate that can be transmitted through a 4-kHz voice-band telephone (bandpass) channel if the following modulation methods are used:
a. Binary PAM.
b. Four-phase PSK.
c. 8-point QAM.
d. Binary orthogonal FSK, with non coherent detection.
e. Orthogonal four-FSK with non coherent detection.
f. Orthogonal 8-FSK with non coherent detection. For (a)-(c), assume that the transmitter pulse shape has a raised cosine spectrum with a 50 percent roll-off.