1. In Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant imagines the case of a shopkeeper not overcharging inexperienced costumers, a sympathetic individual helping other people, and a dutiful person helping other people. a) What are the differences Kant sees between the three cases? b) What is the point Kant is trying to make comparing the three cases?
2. The formula of Universal Law says: "Act only on the maxim through which you can at the same time will that is should become a universal law." What does it mean and how does Kant arrive to it?