Problem 1: How does John Wesley Powell characterize the lands of the arid west? According to Powell, how should these lands be developed? Would Powell's plan, if put into practice, have been ecologically sustainable?
Problem 2: What is Frederick Jackson Turner's argument about the relationship between the American environment and American character? Is Turner an environmental determinist? What differences do you find between the political assumptions of John Wesley Powell and Turner?
Problem 3: Why did middle-class women's clubs support conservation efforts during the first decade of the twentieth century? What gender conflicts and roles are apparent in women's support of conservation? Why did many women withdraw their support from Pinchot?