Consider the following questions:
Review the :Foundations of Public Administration-The environment of public policy and administration
Question.1:
Management and budgeting are often called the opposite sides of the same coin. What does that mean? Discuss how the federal budget formats of line-item budgeting is related to the management approach Theory X and zero-base budgeting is related to the management approach M.B.O. Which combination of budgetary/management approach is better-suited to dealing with a severe budgetary shortfall in an organization, why?
Question.2:
Intergovernmental relations (IGR) are a critical part of local government functions. During the 19th. Century, the term "layer cake" was used to describe intergovernmental relations in the U.S. What term describes IGR into the 20th century? Define both terms and discuss how that new term evolved during the 20th. Century. How does IGR affect local government administration today.
Questio.3:
Define each of the following concepts. Be sure to include the relevance of the concept to public policy or administration.
A. Constituent policy
B. Impasse resolution
C. Dillon's Rule
D. "Fund budgeting"
E. Matrix organization
F. Sticky Floor