Problem: Assuming that John Pfaff is at least partly correct in that violent crime is driving mass incarceration today, how can we deal with the issue of mass incarceration? What is the best way to prevent violent crime? What role can diversion or alternative actions by prosecutors make in reducing mass incarceration? What is the proper punishment for violent crime once a person has been convicted? Can people convicted of violent crimes be rehabilitated? When is incarceration an appropriate punishment for crime? What role does fear and electoral politics play in ~ mass incarceration? Is there any hope for a cultural shift in the United States away from mass incarceration and a culture of punishment? Address speci?cally the challenges of dealing with violent crime from the perspective of defendants, victims, and communities. How can we ensure public safety and uphold justice while reducing mass incarceration?