Figure shows a commonly used circuit of a D flip-flop that is triggered by the negative-going edge of the clock φ.
(a) For φ high, what are the values of Q and Q in terms of D? Which transistors are conducting?
(b) If Dis high and φ goes low, which transistors conduct and what signals appear at Q and at Q? Describe the circuit operation.
(c) Repeat (b) for D low with the clock φ going low.
(d) Does the operation of this circuit rely on charge storage?
