Response to the following problem:
A pnp transistor modeled with the circuit in Figure is connected with its base at ground, collector at -2.0 V, and a 1-mA current is injected into its emitter. If the transistor is said to have β=10, what are its base and collector currents? In which direction do they flow? If IS =10-15 A, what voltage results at the emitter? What does the collector current become if a transistor with β=1000 is substituted?
(Note: The fact that the collector current changes by less than 10% for a larg change in β illustrates that this is a good way to establish a specific collector current.)
Figure-Two large-signal models for the pnp transistor operating in the active mode.