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Leadership concepts originated in Egypt 5000 years ago as emphasized in Bass (1990) without a universally consensus definition that resulted in global influence and varied, complex regional perception of leadership (p. 3). In the attempt to conceptualize leadership Northouse (2016) posited that there have been decades of evolutionary definitions by critical scholars that observed the "Trait" - inherent characteristics chose leaders (p. 2-3). The approaches like the "great-man" Abraham Lincoln and Mohandas Gandhi possesses great trait leadership qualities (p. 7-10). Thus, trait approach was criticized by scholars for it shortcomings while the "Relational" viewpoint applied to Adolf Hitler forceful coercion on followers to effective change (p. 11).
References:
Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass and Stogdill's Handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. New York, NY: The Free Press.
Northouse, P. G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.