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How can I make notes with bullet points in this paragraph? Socialization: from bidirectional to transactional Today, child development researchers recognize that socialization is bidirectional-that parents' behavior affects children's and children's behavior affects parents'. But looking at socialization over time suggests that the process is even more complex. Children and their parents change each other over time in a transactional process (Sameroff, 2009, 2010). To demonstrate the transactional nature of socialization, researchers have documented across-time links between parents' and children's behaviors. In one study, they showed that children's ability to regulate their impulsive behavior at age 7 predicted fewer punitive maternal reactions when the children were 9 years old, which in turn predicted better regulation of impulses by the children when they were 11 years old (Eisenberg et al., 1999). In another study, researchers showed that parents' warmth toward their children predicted the children's empathy 2 years later, and children's externalizing behavior problems predicted less warm and responsive parenting over the same period (Zhou et al., 2002). In a third study, researchers found that parents' inconsistent discipline predicted higher levels of irritability in their 8- to 11-year-old children, and children's positive emotionality predicted higher levels of maternal acceptance a year later (Lengua & Kovacs, 2005). Finally, in a fourth, nationally representative. Need Assignment Help?