Consider a sample of diatomic ideal gas which is taken through the following cycle: A constant pressure process that doubles the volume of the gas, then an adiabatic expansion, followed by an isothermal compression that takes the sample back to its initial state. The initial temperature and pressure of the gas were 600 K and 5 atm, respectively.
(a) Draw the P-V diagram of this cycle and label the states as 1 to 2 to 3 and back to 1.
(b) What is the volume of the gas at point 3, at the end of the adiabatic expansion?
(c) How much work is done on the gas in each of the three segments?
(d) How much heat is absorbed by the gas in each segment?
(e) What is the efficiency of this cycle?
(f) What would be the efficiency a Carnot engine operating between the two temperature extremes?
(g) What is the change in the entropy of the universe for each complete cycle?