A statistics professor has asked his students to flip coins over years. He has kept track of how many flips land heads and how many land tails. Combining the results of his students over many years, he has formed a 95% confidence interval for the long-run population proportion of heads to be (.497, .513).
a. Why is this interval so narrow?
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b. Suppose he were to conduct a hypothesis test of whether the long-run population proportion of heads differs from one-half. Based on this interval (do not conduct the test), would he reject the null hypothesis at the .05 significance level? Explain briefly (no more than one sentence).
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c. Does the interval provide strong evidence that the long-run population proportion of heads is much different from one-half? Explain briefly.