Another method used in a ciphertext attack (see previous problem) is called the statistical approach, in which the intruder intercepts a long ciphertext and tries to analyze the statistics of the characters in the ciphertext. A simple cipher like the additive cipher does not change the statistics of the characters because encryption is one-to-one. Assume the intruder has intercepted the following ciphertext and the most common character in an English plaintext is the character "e". Use this knowledge to find the key of the cipher and decrypt the ciphertext.
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