The correlation between latitude and average August temperature is -0.78 for the 20 cities shown in the table for given Exercise. (The data also are in the dataset temperature on the companion website.)
a. Calculate r2 and write a sentence that interprets it in the context of this situation.
b. If temperature were to be converted to Centigrade (without rounding off) what would be the value of the correlation between latitude and temperature?
Exercise
The data in the following table are the geographic latitudes and the average August and January temperatures (Fahrenheit) for 20 cities in the United States. The cities are listed in geographic order from south to north. (These data are part of the temperature dataset on the companion website.)
a. Draw a scatterplot of y = August temperature versus x = latitude.
b. Is the pattern linear or curvilinear? What is the direction of the association?
c. Are there any cities that appear to be outliers because they don't fit the pattern of the rest of the data? If so, which city or cities are they?