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Describe three different types of cellular reactions a cancer cell could use to respond to a cancer drug that could overcome the drug's effects.
Classify each satement as a description of prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cells 1)Does not contain organelles in the cytosol 2) is generally small cell
How simple would it be to describe the pathways and processes that are active in the control and execution of the transition of a mammal from a single egg cell to a mature organism?
What is the structural formula for water? Show the polar ends of the molecule. Draw another water molecule making a hydrogen bond (dotted line) with the first water molecule.
Which organelles are involved in protein formation? Trace the route of a single integral membrane protein from formation to incorporation into the plasma membrane.
What is meant by saturation or unsaturation of oils and fats? Why do fats have thermal isolation properties?
What are hydrophobic molecules (or hydrophobic molecular regions)? What are hydrophilic molecules? How can they be characterized in relation to their polarity?
What is the difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides? What are some examples of disaccharides and of monosaccharides that form them?
What are the organic chemical groups that characterize carbohydrates? How are carbohydrates classified according to the presence of those groups?
Why is iodine important for human beings? What are the main biological functions in which chlorine ions participate?
What is the importance of magnesium for plants? What are the other main biological functions of magnesium? What is phosphorylation? What are some biological processes in which phosphorylation plays a
What are the main biological processes in which calcium participates? What is hemoglobin? What is the inorganic element that is fundamental in the composition of hemoglobin?
Why is pH regulation important for living beings? How do mineral salts participate in this regulation?
How do mineral salts participate in osmotic regulation? What is the role of mineral salts in the creation of electric tension (voltage) at the cellular level?
What are the criteria that the researchers use to choose whether a protein is an SR protein or and SR-like protein? What are ions? What are the two types of molecules into which ions are classified?
In many animals GTP is produced in citric acid cycle. While in plants,bacteria and some animals ATP is produced. Why is this so ? What is the advantage ?
Using a regular light microscope what is the main difference you expect to observe when viewing cultures of macrophages infected with amastigotes of either Leishmania donovanior Leishmania mexicana.
What advantage do many weak interactions have over a few strong interactions?
Mitosis in eukaryotes happen in this order: DNA replicates and then the cell divides.
What type of protective immune response has been suggested to be induced by radiation-attenuated schistosome larvae, and does this operate in humans?
Briefly describe two experimental procedures that have been used to identify molecules expressed on the exposed outer surface of the tegument of adult Schistosoma mansoniworms.
Describe the main clinical symptoms of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and explain how these arise from a Trypanosoma bruceiinfection.
What kind of alleles can be maintained by a balance between mutation and selection? Which three factors affect the equilibrium allele frequency and how?
Explain why spatially separated populations become increasingly genetically differentiated over time and which process might counteract this differentiation.
Compare congenital diseases involving glycan biosynthesis and glycan degradation. Explain what the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is and why it is important ?