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Question 1: Other than the ‘microbial loop' describe three ways in which protozoa can benefit plant growth and/or nutrition. Question 2: Briefly describe how (i) algae and (ii) arbuscular mycorr
Give two problems associated with the accurate measurement of denitrification using this method and state what error each is likely to produce in the estimate of the denitrification flux.
Question 1: Discuss how animals select their mates. Question 2: Discuss the costs and benefits of animal group-living.
Provide two reasons why female birds might mate with polygynous males, in an environment where unmated males are relatively common.
Why do many fish species, such as the scissor-tailed sergeant fish, sometimes perform filial cannibalism (eating their young)?
In primate groups, a low ranking male may join a coalition to help a high ranking male get access to a mate. What are the benefits to the low ranking male?
How does the sodium-potassium pump present in the cell membrane work? What is the importance of this protein for the cell?
Question 1: What are some examples of biological activities in which osmosis plays an important role? Question 2: What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common? What are the differ
How does the intensity of facilitated diffusion vary in relation to the concentration of the moved substance? What is the limiting factor?
What is the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion? Facilitated by which type of molecule does the term "facilitated" mean?
Question 1: Can solutions with the same concentration of different solutes have different osmotic pressures? Question 2: What are differentiations of the cell membrane?
Question 1: Concerning their permeability how are membranes classified? Question 2: What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
What are plant cell vacuoles? What are their functions? What is the covering membrane of the vacuoles called?
Question 1: What are the colors (of the electromagnetic spectrum) absorbed by plants? Question 2: What would happen to photosynthesis if the green light waves that reach a vegetable were blocked?
Question 1: Why might G allele in soay sheep be declining? How is evolution defined for population genetics? Question 2: What is the meaning of fitness and fixation?
Question 1: Predict the outcome of incubating inoculated streak plates in the upright position rather than inverted. Question 2: Explain how the streak plate method might be useful in determining the
Question 1: What happens when you add drops of a strong acid to a solution containing a buffer as compared to a solution of pure distilled water without a buffer. Question 2: What is the limiting fa
What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis about the origin of mitochondria? What are the molecular facts that support the hypothesis? To which other cellular organelles can the hypothesis also be applied
A netlike membranous complex of superposed flat saccules with vesicles detaching from the extremities seen in electronic microscopy. What is the observed structure? What is its biological function?
What are the main structures within the cell nucleus? What is the difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
What is the numeric relation between pyrimidine and purine bases in the DNA molecule? Is that relation valid in RNA molecules?
Which are the nucleotides "portions" that bind in the formation of nucleic acids? What is meant by the 5' and 3' extremities of nucleic acids?
Where would you expect a freshwater fish to get most of its water from?a.)Secretion b.) Absorption c.) Metabolism of food
Where do the light-independent reactions take place in C3 photosynthesis? a)Mesophyll cells during the daytime b) Bundle-sheath cells at night
When trying to determine the endosymbiotic origin of a chloroplast, what evidence would lead you to believe each of the following: a) primary endosymbiotic event only b) secondary endosymbiotic even