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One alternative to using petroleum or natural gas as fuels is ethanol (C2H5OH), which is commonly produced from grain. Find the heat transfer per kmol fuel.
A sample of pine bark has the following ultimate analysis on a dry basis, percent by mass: 5.6% H, 53.4% C. Determine the air-fuel ratio on a mass basis.
Wet biomass waste from a food-processing plant is fed to a catalytic reactor. Determine the lower heating value of this fuel gas mixture per unit volume.
Determine the final pressure in the vessel and the heat transfer from the vessel during the process.
After combustion, the products cool down and exit at 500 K. How much heat transfer was given out for 1 kg propane?
Find the number of kmol of liquid water added per kmol of fuel and the dew point of the combined products.
Assume the products of combustion in Problem 13.67 are sent out of tailpipe and cool to ambient 20oC. Find the fraction of the product water that will condense.
Saturated liquid exits the condenser at 37.5oC. Specific heat for R-123 is Cp0 = 0.6 kJ/kg K. Find the COP.
Find the mass flow rate, the total heat transfer, and the entropy generation, assuming the surroundings are at 25oC.
The fluid enters reversible adiabatic turbine at 160oC, 5.475 MPa and condenser exit condition. Compute the specific turbine work and the specific pump work.
Find the specific work input to the pump and the cycle thermal efficiency using the generalized charts.
A piston/cylinder initially contains propane at T1 = -7oC, quality 50%. What is the cylinder volume at the final state, and how much heat transfer took place?
Saturated liquid ethane at T1 = 14oC is throttled into a steady-flow mixing chamber. Find the rate of heat transfer and the rate of entropy generation.
Determine the volume expansivity, ap, and the isothermal compressibility, ßT, for water at 50 F, 500 lbf/in.2 and at 400 F, 1500 lbf/in.2.
Calculate the entropy per kmol of a real gas mixture of 50% methane, 50% ethane at 20oC, 4 MPa andin terms of the specified reference state values.
A piston contains ethane gas initially at 500 kPa, 100 L and at ambient temperature 0oC. Calculate the heat transfer and the net entropy change for the process.
What is your best estimate for the availability in a steady-flow setup where changes in potential and kinetic energies may be neglected?
A geothermal power plant on the Raft River uses isobutane as the working fluid in a Rankine cycle. Find the specific turbine work and the specific pump work.
Find the minimum work required and the heat transfer using generalized charts. What devices are needed to accomplish this change of state?
A 10-ft3 tank contains propane at 90 F, 90% quality. The tank is heated to 600 F. Calculate the heat transfer during the process.
Make a list of several materials such as liquids, gels, and solids and show examples of their use.
Use the Gibbs relation du = T ds - P dv and one of Maxwell's relations. What is the value of that partial derivative if you have an ideal gas?
A container has a double wall where the wall cavity is filled with carbon dioxide at room temperature. Estimate the pressure in the wall cavity at 100 K.
A 4-m3 storage tank contains ethane gas at 10 MPa, 100?C. Using the Lee-Kesler EOS, find the mass of the ethane.
Compute the exit temperature and the specific entropy generation using the Redlich-Kwong EOS and ideal gas heat capacity.