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Write down the three chief components of eukaryotic cell membranes? Where does each originate? What organelle synthesizes new membrane? What accounts for the stability of phospholipids bi-layers in
What's the difference between transport vesicles, secretory vesicles and endocytotic vesicles?
If the rates of synthesis of both A and B were suddenly raised 10 fold to 10,000 molecules per second-without any change in their average lifetime-how many molecules of A and B would there be after
Consider the signaling pathway which proceeds via three protein kinases which are sequentially activated by phosphorylation. In one case the kinases are held in a signaling complex by a scaffolding
Write down the merits and demerits of using random transgenic integration compared with homologous recombination to introduce DNA into the genome?
As multicellular organisms develop from embryo to adults, gap junctions are made and broken in specific patterns, comprising specific tissues.
Explain why can only eukaryotic cells evolve into the multicellular organisms? Why can't prokaryotic bacterial cells develop into the multicellular organisms as well?
I want a clear and detailed description on biological membrane features such as biochemical properties (example: composition, alignment, special features and so on), biological transport routes and
Whenever a jelly fish is eliminated from its salt water environment and put into fresh water it swells and bursts (explain why does it swell and burst?). Do you think a jelly fish is a plant or an a
If you were to eradicate the ER retrieval signal (KDEL) from protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), which is generally a soluble resident of the ER lumen, where would you expect the modified PDI to be s
Some of the species of mammals have been cloned by nuclear transplantation by using an adult cell as the source of the nucleus. Is there any contribution to the genotype of the cloned offspring from
Explain the main features of the ribosome structure in the prokaryotes and eukaryotes. How can these differences be exploited to treat the disease?
When muscle biopsies were taken from the legs of a world class Marathon runner and a typical couch potato, which would you expect to encompass a higher density of mitochondria. Explain why?
There are numerous illustrations of eukaryotic cells. Algae, Fungi, Plants, and Animals are all composed of eukaryotic cells. Some of the algae and fungi are unicellular organisms;
What are the benefits to a microbe of having inducible enzymes? What are the benefits to a microbe as a consequence of such (inducible) an arrangement of genes, and what is this arrangement known?
Exposure to tobacco smoke immobilizes cilia and they ultimately disappear. Explain how might this effect describe why smokers have an increased incidence of coughing and respiratory infections?
Most of the membranes proteins comprising the Con-A receptor can be solubilized by treating cell membranes with a non-ionic detergent like Triton X 100.
Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an ‘uncoupler' which causes membranes to become permeable to H+. Describe what would happen if DNP was added to plants which were carrying out photosynthesis.
In Madeleine L'Engle's children's novel A Wrinkle in Time, the mitochondria in one of the characters begins to die. Explain what would happen to people who lost their mitochondria, and describe why
A plasmid digest with BamHI generated 2 kb and 4 kb fragments. Digest of a plasmid with HindIII produced 6 kb fragment. Double digest with both enzymes produced 1 kb, 2 kb and 3 kb fragments. Sketch
Explain how would you build the cell (structure of the cell) and explain why would you build it that way (function of cell)? Explain how do you know the cell is alive?
Explain what kind of ER targeting signal sequences each of the given proteins would require for proper translation and localization:
Give a list explaining at least five similarities and three differences between plant and animal cells. In addition, select five internal structures of plant or animal cells (organelles) and explain
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Choose two structures of bacterial cells and in brief explain them; what do they look like, what are they composed of? Then, describe how these two structures permit
Then describe how these plant or animal cell structures or organelle function. Explain how do these functions support activities of the plant or animal cell and enable survival of the multicellular