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all solar cells require a light absorbing material contained within the cell structure to absorb photons and generate electrons via the photo voltaic
a solar cell or photo voltaic cell is a semiconductor device that converts photons from the sun into electricity. it can also be defined as a
gallium phospide it has band gap of 2.3ev. it can be used for light emitting diodes which can emit green or red light. the red light is
it has large energy gap 3.0ev and is regarded as high temperature semiconductor. it is extremely refectory subliming in the region of 28000c. because
energy gap 2.4ev. the colour of pure cadmium sulphide is pale yellow. it melts only under at high temperature. it can be prepared in the
energy gap 1.4ev at room temperatureits charactistics are very closely related to those of germanium. this is under stable since gallium is the
melting point 5250c.it has small band gap and very high mobility around 70000cm2v-sec. it has much easier to prepare in single crystal from the
1 melting point 9360c2 atomic number 323 energy
the recombination procedure is represented with returning the electron from the cb where it is free into a hole in the vb where it is in a bond. the
the semiconductor in which number of electrons or holes is smaller than nc and nv density of state in cb or vb are called non-degenerate
it determines the probability of an electron occupying a state at an energy level e. this takes into account that a collection of electron must
it describes the behaviour of a collection of a particle ne with gives energy through nealpha exp-ektwhere k is boltzmann constant. it can be
one of the most important theorems in the quantum physics in the pauli exclusion principle which is based on the experiment observations. the
it is suitable for growing semi-conductively alloys like gallium arsenide. a typical arrangement is furnished with an induction heater that provides
the fabrication of discrete and integrated circuit solid state devices requires semiconductor crystals with impurity concentrations as low as
the semiconductor material is refined through a process is known as zone refining. it is used for the production of high purity crystals silicon for
their conductivity lies between conductor and insulator. their resistivity is usually high and temperature coefficient of resistance is always
semiconductor is solid material whose electrical conductivity at room temperature lies between conductivity of a conductor and that of an
their resistivity is very low and temperature coefficient of resistance is not constant. these are materials with unfilled or overlapping energy
it contains 35- 90 nickels. higher is the nickel content higher is the permeability and lower is the magnetic saturation of the alloy. mn co and mo
these materials are used for permanent magnet manufacturing because of their low cost and their low weight. it consists of low iron oxide in
alnico is a family of alloys containing metals fe co and ni plus small amount of al and copper. these alloys are directionally solidified and
these are non-metallic compounds consisting of ferric oxide and one or two bivalent metal oxides such as nio mno. these have resistivity of the order
since pure iron is limited because its high eddy current losses by incorporating small quantities of other elements in iron good magnetic
the term pure iron is meant a ferrous material with an extra low carbon content for example low carbon steel and electrolytic iron. in low carbon