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soil is upper crust of earth which support land plants and animals. it is defined as addition of substances to the soil which adversely affect
when toxic substances enter lakes streams rivers oceans and other water bodies they get dissolved or lie suspended in water. this causes pollution of
it is defined as the presence of chemicals and particulate in the atmosphere in quantities and pollution that are harmful to human health and
the earths environment has been composed in a way which sustains life on this planet. through on process the different constituents of the atmosphere
atmosphere is a multilayer blanket of various gases such as n2 78.80 o2 20.95 ar0.93 co2 0.03 water vapor and some other gases. this envelope extends
the biosphere is composed of all living organism. this sphere includes all the microorganism plants and animals of earth. in fact biosphere involves
the water on earth surface constitutes hydrosphere. about 75 of earth surface is covered with water and 97 of that water is present in oceans which
the lithosphere contains all of the hard solid land of the earth crust and the semisolid land underneath the crust. the surface of the lithosphere is
segments of environment the environment is not a simple distribution of gases but is highly complex and structured. it comprises of four
basics of environmentwe live in two world one is natural world of animals plants air water and soil that was present since the evolution of earth.
q. give the basic assumptions made in free electron model of solid.orwrite down basic postulates of sommerfields free electron gas model. show
q. what is heisenbergs uncertainty principle? write the three forms of uncertainty relations. ans.the principle of uncertainty was described by
q. write down the schrodingers time independent wave equation for a free particle confined in one dimensional box of size a. obtain eigen values
q. what is the density of energy states in metals? obtain an expression for the density of states for free electron gas in metals. ans. density
q. write down schrodingers wave equation for a particle in a three dimensional box. solve it to get eigen functions and show that the eigen values
q. heisenbergs uncertainty principle of position amp momentum. describe an experiment to study the uncertainty of position amp
q. what is einsteins photoelectric equation? explain the laws of photoelectric effect with the help of this equation.photoelectric effect the
q. describe compton effect. drive an expression for compton shift. how does it support the particle nature of light. compton effect and quantum
q. explain the wave nature of matter. de - broglie waves theoryaccording to de - broglie hypothesis particles like electron proton neutron etc.
q. derive schrodingers time dependent wave equation. what is the physical significance of wave function used in this equation?ans.time dependent
q. what is quantum mechanical tunneling? give one example. orwhat do you mean by quantum mechanical tunneling? show that the tunneling probability
q. explain how compton scattering confirms the quantum nature of radiation.orwhat is compton effect? deduce an expression for shift in wavelength
vander waals bonda fourth type of bonding which does not involve a transfer or sharing of electrons is known as the vander walls bond. it forms in
metallic bond when positive metallic ions are surrounded by a sea of negative electrons the solid being held together by electrostatic forces then
b covalent bond what about reactions between two non metals? many non metals do bond together. hydrogen atoms for instance frequently react