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Numerous studies have established which, associate to poor families, higher income families onto average have: (w) more children. (x) greater rates of labor force participation. (y) less human capital
Onto average, African-Americans into the U.S., when compared to whites: (1) earn lower incomes. (2) have less education. (3) experience higher rates of unemployment. (4) are less likely to be capable
Data on poverty into the United States recommend that the: (w) sex of the head of the family is unrelated to the poverty rate. (x) race of the head of the family is unrelated to the poverty rate. (y)
Poverty within the United States can be explained most properly by: (w) differences in effort and sacrifice. (x) voluntary choices of low income persons to consume more leisure at the expense of more
In the United States, a mainstream of those living below “the poverty line”: (1) have televisions, automobiles, main appliances, and other amenities possessed only by the wealthy [when any
The poverty line is: (1) about $15000/year for a family of two in 2006. (2) an index which varies depending on family characteristics. (3) dependent only on the size and income of a family. (4) about
In the United States, wealth appears to be: (1) more equitably distributed than income tax burdens. (2) less equally distributed than income. (3) distributed much more equally than in communist countr
As comparing income and wealth: (w) differences in their distributions reflect economic discrimination precisely. (x) wealth is a flow variable, whereas income is a stock variable. (y) inheritance exp
After adjusting income for taxes and transfers, affects that would be least responsible for the reducing percentages of the U.S. population classified like “middle relative income” from 19
The Department of the Census defines high relative income as experienced while families: (w) earn more than $60,000 annually per worker in the family. (x) have income which is twice the median incomes
The Department of the Census defines middle relative income as experienced while a family: (w) has adequate income to buy the fundamental food clothing and shelter required for survival. (x) would lik
Relative income as given by the Bureau of the Census reflects a try to measure: (1) a nation’s wealth. (2) economic development in a country. (3) the value of nonhuman wealth. (4) how far a pers
After the minimal materials essential for survival are attained, poverty becomes: (w) an absolute concept. (x) more prevalent in North America than elsewhere. (y) measured by the income level required
In 2005 year, the proportion of American sub-populations along with family incomes below the official poverty line was maximum for individuals: (1) 0 to 10 years old. (2) 11 to 25 years old. (3) 26 to
Into the United States during 2000 and 2005, the: (w) number of families below the poverty line declined. (x) distribution of after-tax income became significantly more equal. (y) percentage of famili
Explaining the poverty line by the income needed to maintain a specified standard of living is: (w) a positive poverty standard. (x) a relative poverty standard. (y) a normative poverty standard. (z)
When the minimum amounts of food, clothing and shelter essential for survival absorb all of a family’s income, in that case the family is experiencing: (w) relative poverty. (x) economic shock.
The federal poverty rate computed by the Bureau of the Census is the: (w) ratio of poverty income to the average income. (x) number of persons below the poverty line. (y) percentage of persons below t
The official United States “poverty line” is based upon the cost of securing the goods essential to maintain a standard of living: (w) at a middle class level of comfort. (x) one standard
Wealth is distributed within the United States such as the lowest quintile [20 percent] owns: (w) about 7% of all wealth; where the highest quintile owns 60%. (x) about 5% of all wealth; where the hig
A higher value for Gini index tends to be related with: (w) decreases in the equality of the distribution of income or wealth. (x) decreases in the population’s total amount of income or wealth&
Since lifetime earning patterns differ, in that case the Gini index will: (1) continue to rise over time. (2) never reach zero or perfect equality. (3) remain constant. (4) surpass 100 in the near fut
A Gini coefficient for this demonstrated figure can be computed as: (w) area A minus area B. (x) area A × area B. (y) area C minus [area A + area B]. (z) [area A] / [area A + area B]. I
This function as in illustrated figure area between A and B is termed as a/an: (1) index of inequality. (2) Lorenz curve. (3) Pareto indicator. (4) Gini coefficient. (5) Marx-Engels curve. Can anyb
The ratio of the area among the diagonal line of perfect equality and the Lorenz curve to the total area in the diagonal is the: (1) poverty index. (2) human capital coefficient. (3) needs coefficient