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Magnetic monopole: The hypothetical particle that comprises sources and sinks of the magnetic field. The magnetic monopoles have never been found, however would only cause pretty minor modifications t
Mach's principle (E. Mach; c. 1870): The inertia of any specific particle or particles of matter is attributable to the interaction among that piece of matter and the rest of the world. Therefore, a b
Mach number (E. Mach): It is the ratio of the speed of an object in a specified medium to the speed of sound in that medium.
Lyman series: The sequence that explains the emission spectrum of hydrogen whenever electrons are jumping to the ground state. Each and every line is in the ultraviolet.
Luxon: The particle that travels solely at c (that is the speed of light in vacuum). All luxons have a rest mass of exactly zero. Though they are mass less, luxons do take momentum. The photons are th
Lux: lx: The derived SI unit of the illuminance equivalent to the illuminance generated by a luminous flux of 1 lm distributed consistently over a region of 1 m2; it therefore has units of lm/m2.
Lumeniferous aether: The substance that filled all the vacant spaces between matter that was employed to elucidate what medium light was "waving" in. Now it has been harmed the reputation of, as Maxwe
Lumen: lm: The derived SI unit of luminous flux, stated as the luminous flux produced by a uniform point source of 1 cd releasing its luminous energy over a solid angle of 1 sr; it therefore has units
Loschmidt constant: Loschmidt number: NL: The total number of particles per unit volume of an ideal gas at standard pressure and temperature. It has the value of 2.687 19 x 1025 m-3.
Lenz's law (H.F. Lenz; 1835): The induced electric current always flows in such a direction that it resists the change generating it.
Le Chatelier's principle (H. Le Chatelier; 1888): When a system is in equilibrium, then any modification imposed on the system tends to shift the equilibrium state to decrease the consequence of that
Lawson criterion (J.D. Lawson): This is the condition for the discharge of energy from a thermonuclear reactor. This is usually stated as the minimum value for the product of the density of the fuel p
Laue pattern (M. von Laue): The pattern generated on a photographic film whenever high-frequency electromagnetic waves (like x-rays) are fired at the crystalline solid.
Laplace equation (P. Laplace): For the steady-state heat conduction in 1-dimension, the temperature distribution is the explanation to Laplace's equation, which defines that the second derivative of t
Landauer's principle: The principle which defines that it doesn't explicitly take energy to calculate data, however instead it takes energy to remove any data, as erasure is a vital step in computatio
Lagrange points: The points in the vicinity of two massive bodies (like the Earth and Moon) with each others' relevant gravities balance. There are five, labeled L1 via L5. L1, L2, and L3 lie all alon
What is Lamberts laws or Lamberts first law, second law and third law: Lambert's laws (J.H. Lambert) Lambert's first law: The luminance on a surface lighted up by light falling on it perpendicularly
Kohlrausch's law (F. Kohlrausch): When a salt is dissolved in water, the conductivity of the solution is the addition of two values -- one depending on the positive ions and the other on negative ions
Kirkwood gaps (Kirkwood): The gaps in the asteroid belt, caused by the resonance effects from Jupiter. Similar gaps are also exists in Saturn's rings, due to the resonance effects of the shepherd moon
Explain Kirchhoff's rules or Kirchhoff's Loop rule and Point rule? Kirchhoff's rules (G.R. Kirchhoff) Loop rule: The sum of the potential differences meet in a round trip about any closed loop in a
Kirchhoff's laws (G.R. Kirchhoff) Kirchhoff's first laws: An incandescent solid or gas in high pressure will generate a continuous spectrum. Kirchhoff's second law: A low-density gas will exude an e
Kirchhoff's law of radiation (G.R. Kirchhoff): The emissivity of a body is equivalent to its absorbptance at similar temperature.
Kilogram: kg: The basic SI unit of mass that is the only SI unit still maintained by a physical artifact: a platinum-iridium bar reserved in the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sevres,
Kerr effect (J. Kerr; 1875): The capability of certain substances to refract light waves in a different way whose vibrations are in dissimilar directions whenever the substance is located in an electr
Explain Keplers laws or Keplers first law, second law and third law? Kepler's laws (J. Kepler) Kepler's first law: The planet orbits Sun in an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. Kepler's second law