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  Organization Information System

Introduction to Organization  Information  System

Information is one main resource factor that is available to the manager. As the business market is becoming more complex nowadays and also the computer has improved its capabilities, the information should be managed properly.

Initially, the first major computer application was the processing of accounting data. After sometime , the  four system  also included this  computer   application, they  were management   information system , decision support system, the  virtual  office and knowledge  based system. All of this application composed the computer based information systems.

The evolution of the CBIS was step by   step progress. In  beginning, during the first half  of the 20th  century, the  early computer based accounting  application  were introduced and name was given as electronic data processing EDP or data processing DP or accounting  information  system. AIS when punched cards and key driven book keeping machines were there. Then in1964, the  silicon chip circuitry was  included  in the new computers and the concept  of using  the computer was as  management  information  system .MIS a man machine system, a highly  integrated  collection  of information processing  functions that were designed to provide management to perform  the specific objective. After sometime some information scientists (Michael s Scott, Morton G. Anthony Gory and peter G. W. Keen) at the Massachusetts institute of technology MIT formulated a different approach. They came out with the concept of the decision support system. a DSS is an information  producing  system concentrating on the problem  to be solved and  the  decisions  taken  by the manager and distinguishing  itself  with MIS  as MIS was  intended to have  a team of managers to solve the problem  whereas  DSS was intended to  have a single  manager.

During  the time  that  DSS evolved, another application  came  into existence i.e. office automation (OA) (  also  called as the virtual office ) it grew  to include video  conferencing , voice  mail,  electronic mail,  electronic  calendaring, desktop publishing etc. Such system was used to describe all of the office automation application. Then it moved towards the business problems related to the artificial intelligence. The base of AI was that a computer can be programmed to perform some logical decisions, reasoning tasks just like as a human. In the 1990 the organisation concentrated more on the knowledge based system.

Fig1.17 shows the model of the CBIS, which mentions how the CBIS subsystems are used in problem solving. It describes that all five system collectively make the complete CBIS. It provides the sufficient information, when the decisions are made to solve the problem.

As the time passes by, the information is becoming an essential part of computer based system. These information systems rely on the computer for handling various business applications. While developing such systems, the computes  are  used for problem  solving  so the system concerned system analyst must have the knowledge of the  computer technology, its related terms and must be trained about  that how the  human  factors are handled and managed in any organization . In next section various information systems are described briefly.

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