Introduction to Languages and Maintainability
Programming languages should allow programs to be easily modifiable. Main features that languages can provide to support modification are shown diagrammatically in fig 6.16, and discussed below one by one.
1. Readability: As we have seen previously that readability refers to how easily we can read the program follow the logic and even find out the errors. In the concern of maintainability, readability shows that while modifying and maintaining the program, the existing program ( or software) should be in the readable form so that program could be easily read and modified accordingly.
2. Simplicity: The feature is also almost similar to the simplicity feature in concern of reliability. So whenever we want to modify any program if that program is simple to use and understand then the developer can modify it easily,
3.Fectoring : The language should allow programming to factor related features into one single unit.
Example 23. If an operation is repeated in several point of the program it should be possible to factor it in a touting and replace its use by a routine call. In doing so the program become more readable especially if we given meaningful names to routines and is more easily modifiable like a change to the fragment is localized to the routine body.
Example 24. Several programming language allow constants to be given symbolic names. Choosing an appropriate name for a constant promotes readability of the program like we may use instead of 3.14, moreover a future need to change of the value like to 3.1415would necessitate a change only in the definition of the constant rather than in every use to the constant.
4.Locality :The effect of language feature is restricted to small local portion of the entire program otherwise if it extends to most of the program the task of making the changes can be exceedingly complex.
Example 25. In abstract data type programming the change to a data structure, defined inside a class is guaranteed not to affect the rest of the program as long as the operations that manipulate the data structure and invoked in the same way.
Factoring and locality are strongly related concepts with each other. In fact factoring promotes locality in that changes may apply only to the factored portion. Consider for example them pact of factoring on changing the number of digits used to represent pi in order to improve accuracy of a geometrical computation.
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