Conceptual and Technical Designs

Conceptual and Technical Designs

To transform requirements into a working system designers must satisfy both customers and the system builders. The  customers should understand what the system it to do . at the same time the system builders must understand how  to do. To accomplish these design is divided into two parts as shown in fig 5.2, and is called as  the two parts  iterative process. The  two parts are given below:

  • Conceptual design or preliminary design.
  • Technical design or detailed design.

First the conceptual design is produced that tells the customer exactly what  the system  will do. It  beings to the what part of the solution. Once  the customer approves it   is translated into a much more detailed document i. e. the technical  design which allows system builders to understand the actual hardware and software needed to solve the customers problem. It belongs to the how part of the  solution.

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The process is iterative because in actuality, the designers move back and forth among  activities involving understanding the  requirements possible solution testing aspects of a solution for feasibility, presenting possibilities of the  customers and documenting  the design for the  programmers.

As we know  system  is defined by its boundary entities attributes and relationships. The conceptual design describes each of  these system aspects by answering  questions such  as the following:

  • Where will the data come from?
  • What will happen to the data in the system?
  • What will the system look lie to users?
  • What choices will be offered to users?

The conceptual design describes the system in language that the customer can understand.  It may even list acceptable  responses and the actions that may  result. A good conceptual  design should have the following characteristics:

  • It is written in the customer language.
  • It contains no technical jargon.
  • It describes the functions of the system.
  • It is independent of implementation
  • It is linked to the requirements documents.

By contrast, the technical design describes the hardware configuration, the software needs. Communication interfaces. The  input and output of the  system, the  software architecture, and anything's else that translates their requirements into a solution to the  customer problem. That  is the technical design description is a technical picture of the  system specification . it usually include at  least three items given below:

A description of the major hardware components and their functions,

The hierarchy and function of the software components, and

The data  structures and the data flow.

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