Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon Dating:

This technique was developed by Willard and Libby to find out the age of wood or animal fossils. This technique is based on the fact that 6C14, radioactive isotope of carbon is made in the upper atmosphere by the reaction with neutrons (i.e., from cosmic rays).

7N14 + 0n1 6C14+ 1H1

The C14 atoms so produced are quickly oxidised to 14CO2 that in turn is incorporated in plants as an outcome of photosynthesis. Animals too use C14 by eating plants. On death, organisms finish to take in fresh carbonations. Carbon-14 starts to decay.

6C147N14 + -1e0

5700 years a fossil (i.e., plant or animal) will lose half the quantity of carbon-14 existed in its living state. Thus by knowing either the quantity of C14 or the number of β-particles emitted per minute per gram of carbon initially and final stages, the age of carbon material can be found out by the equation shown below:
 
Uses:

1) Carbon dating has verified to be a great device for correlating facts of historical significance.
2) It is very helpful in understanding the evolution of life, and raise and fall of civilizations.

 

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