Introduction to Reactions of Disubstituted Rings
When a benzene ring has two substituent groups, each benzene ring exerts an effect on subsequent substitution reactions. The deactivation or activation of the ring can be assumed more or less by the sum of the individual effects of these substituents. The site at which a new substituent is come into existence depends on the orientation of the existing groups and their individual directing effects. We can make out two usual behaviour categories, as displayed in the table below. So, the groups may be oriented in such type of a manner that their directing affects act in concert, reinforcing the result; or are opposed (antagonistic) to each other. Note: the orientations within each category change depending on whether the groups have identical or opposite individual directing effects.
The products from substitution reactions of compounds having a reinforcing orientation of substituents are easier to assume than those having antagonistic substituents. For an instance, the six equations displayed below are all instances of reinforcing or cooperative directing effects operating in the supposed manner. Symmetry, as in the first two examples, makes it easy to assume the site at which substitution is possible to occur. Note: if two distinct sites are favored, substitution will generally take place at the one that is least hindered by ortho groups.
The first three instances have two identical directing groups in a meta-relationship to each other. In instances 4 through 6, oppositely directing groups have an ortho or para-relationship. The main results of electrophilic substitution, as displayed, are the sum of the individual group effects. The strongly activating amino (-NH2) and hydroxyl (-OH) substituents favor dihalogenation in instance 5 and 6.
Compounds' Substitution reactions having an antagonistic orientation of substituents need a more careful analysis. If the substituents are similar, as in instance 1 below, the symmetry of the molecule will again make simpler the decision. It will generally exert the product determining affect, instances 2, 4 & 5, although it may be overall deactivating (case 2), When one substituent has a pair of non-bonding electrons presented for adjacent charge stabilization. Example 3 reflects a combination of steric hindrance and the superior innate stabilizing ability of methyl groups relative to other alkyl substituents. Case 6 is interesting in that it illustrates the conversion of an activating ortho/para-directing group into a deactivating meta-directing "onium" cation [-NH (CH3)2(+)] in a strong acid environment.
Qualified and Experienced Organic Chemistry Online Tutors at www.tutorsglobe.com
Tutors at the www.tutorsglobe.com take pledge to provide full satisfaction and assurance in Reactions of Disubstituted Rings homework help via online tutoring. Students are getting Chemistry homework help services across the globe with 100% satisfaction by online tutors. We value all our service-users. We provide email based Reactions of Disubstituted Rings homework help - assignment help. You can join us to ask queries 24x7 with live, experienced and qualified Chemistry online tutors specialized in Reactions of Disubstituted Rings. Through Online Tutoring, you would be able to complete your homework or assignments at your home.
Latest technology based Organic Chemistry Online Tutoring Assistance
Tutors at the www.tutorsglobe.com are committed to provide the best quality online tutoring assistance for homework help and assignment help services. They use their experience, as they have solved thousands of the Reactions of Disubstituted Rings assignments, which may help you to solve your complex Reactions of Disubstituted Rings homework. You can find solutions for all the topics come under the Reactions of Disubstituted Rings. The dedicated tutors provide eminence work on your Organic Chemistry homework help and devoted to provide K-12 level Chemistry to college level chemistry help before the deadline mentioned by the student. Reactions of Disubstituted Rings homework help is available here for the students of school, college and university. TutorsGlobe assure for the best quality compliance to your homework. Compromise with quality is not in our dictionary. If we feel that we are not able to provide the homework help as per the deadline or given instruction by the student, we refund the money of the student without any delay.
Theory and lecture notes of Components of Real GDP all along with the key concepts of components of real gdp, fundamental bases of Macroeconomics, Depreciation and Net Output, Government Purchases, Depletion, Pollution and Bads. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Components of Real GDP.
Condensation Step-growth Polymerization Reactions tutorial all along with the key concepts of Condensation polymers, polyurethane, Dacron, condensation reaction
Dehydration of Alcohol tutorial all along with the key concepts of E1 mechanism for 2- Propanol, Reagents and Chemicals, Experimental procedure, The product analysis
The process that generates recombinations of gene through interchanging of corresponding segments among the nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes, is known as recombination of chromosomes.
Theory and lecture notes of Budget Deficit and Stabilization Policy all along with the key concepts of the budget deficit and stabilization policy, employment budget balance. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Budget Deficit and Stabilization Policy.
Fluorimetry tutorial all along with the key concepts of Mode of Operation of the Instrument, Quenching, Applications, Precautions for usage
Classification of costs for Management decision making - Marginal Cost, Differential Costs, Opportunity Costs, Relevant Cost, Replacement Cost, Abnormal Costs, Controllable Costs, Shutdown Cost, Capacity Cost, Urgent Costs.
Ecological Population tutorial all along with the key concepts of Density, Distribution and Size, Growth Patterns, Mortality Patterns and Survivorship Curves, Age Structure, Population Growth Curve, Population Growth Rate, Basic Concepts of Rate
theory and lecture notes of ttl nand gate all along with the key concepts of ttl nand gate circuit structure, logical operation and circuit analysis. tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on ttl nand gate.
www.tutorsglobe.com offers preparation of 2º & 3º amines homework help, preparation of 2º & 3º amines assignment help, online tutoring assistance, organic chemistry solutions by online qualified tutor's help.
Theory and lecture notes of Building Blocks of the Flexible-Price Model all along with the key concepts of Potential Output, Real Wages, equilibrium level of real GDP, continue real GDP, composition of real GDP. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Building Blocks of the Flexible-Price Model.
tutorsglobe.com abo system assignment help-homework help by online blood groups tutors
compilers translate the program instructions from the form that can be understand by human to the form that can be understand by machine. interpreters as well convert the source program to machine language instruction but execute each line as it is entered.
Theory and lecture notes of Structure of Data manager all along with the key concepts of Data management, View component, Record component, Index component, Buffer manager. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Structure of Data manager.
www.tutorsglobe.com offers materials science homework help, materials science assignment help, online tutoring assistance, physical chemistry solutions by online qualified tutor's help.
1931327
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1496165
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!