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  Pixel Type

Introduction to Pixel Type

The marketing race for "more megapixels" would like us to think that "more is better". It is not that simple, unfortunately. The number of pixels is only one of several factors that are influencing image quality and more pixels are not all the time better. The quality of a pixel value can be defined in terms of dynamic range, geometrical accuracy, color accuracy, noise, and artifacts. The quality of a pixel value relies on the number of photodectors which were employed to ascertain it, the quality of the camera components, the quality of the sensor and lens combination, the size of the photodiode(s), the image file format used to store it, the level of sophistication of the in camera imaging processing software, etc. dissimilar sensor and camera designs build dissimilar compromises.

GEOMETRICAL ACCURACY

Geometrical accuracy is associated to the number of pixel locations on the sensor and the capability of the lens to match the sensor resolution. The resolution topic describes how this is calculated at this site. Interpolation will not enhance geometrical accuracy like it cannot make what was not captured.

COLOR ACCURACY

Conventional sensors employing a color filter array contain only one photodiode per pixel location and will show a few color inaccuracies around the edges since the missing pixels in each color channel are estimated relies on demosaicing algorithms. Raising the number of pixel locations on the sensor will decrease the visibility of these artifacts. Foveon sensors contain here photodetectors each pixel location and make so a higher color accuracy through eliminating the demosaicing artifacts. Unfortunately the sensitivities of there are currently lower than conventional sensors and the technology is only presented in a few cameras.

DYNAMIC RANGE

The size of fill factor and the pixel location ascertain the size of the photodiode and this has a big influence on the dynamic range. Superior quality sensors are more precise and will be capable to output a larger dynamic range that can be kept while storing the pixel values into a RAW image file. A variant of the Fujifilm Super CCD, the super CCD SR employs two photodiodes per pixel location with the purpose to raise the dynamic range. A much more sensitive photodiode calculates the shadows, when a less sensitive photodiode measures the highlights.

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