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  Gene Mapping

Introduction to Gene mapping

Genes are ordered linearly in a chromosome.  The point in a chromosome at which the gene is positioned is termed as locus. The diagrammatic presentation of position and arrangement of genes and comparative distance among the linked genes of a chromosome is known as linkage / genetic map.

The genetic map's unit is Morgan / centimorgan.  While the % of crossing over among the two linked genes is 1%, after that the map distance among the linked genes is one morgan.

There is a greater possibility of happening of crossing over, while the two genes are farther apart in a chromatid. The possibility of crossing over among the two genes is directly proportional to the distance among them.

While two genes are nearer, the possibility of occurrence of crossing over among them is limited.

Let A, B, C, D and E be 5 knots on a string that separated through the distances as displayed. The possibility of making a random cut among the two knots is directly proportional to the distance among them. Each cut separates A from E, while 5/100th cut just only separates C from D. If the knots / genes arranged linearly on a chromosome in randoms are the cross overs, after that C and D remain linked, while A and E will not display linkage in this situation.

Uses of gene mapping

1. It is helpful to ascertain the location, arrangement and linkage of genes in a chromosome.

2. It is helpful to expect the results of dihybrid and trihybrid crosses.

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