Introduction to Bryohytes:
In course of evolution, the modification from aquatic habitat to terrestrial habitat happened and only ancient land plants developed. These are called as bryophytes. Though bryophytes colonize terrestrial habitats however they are dependent on water for completion of the life cycle. They create motile male gametes that need the thin film of water for the motility to reach non-motile female gamete to achieve fertilization.
General Characteristics of Bryophytes:
Bryophytes lack roots and don't have vascular system. Few mosses include the primitive system of tubes which perform water and food - conducting tubes are known as leptoids. The single plant is very small, barely a few cm in size. It hardly ever develops large because of lack of supporting tissues. Bryophytes illustrate 2 distinct and well distinct stages of life cycle, sexual and asexual that follows each other. Gametophyte is haploid and develops gametes. Sporophytes are diploid and produces spore. Haploid generation alternates with diploid genetic called as Alternation of generation. Gametophyte may be thalloid or has the axis differential in stem-like and leaf-like structures that have xylem and phloem. Gametophyte is green, photosynthetic and nutritionally independent, and attaches to soil by unicellular or multicellular filaments known as rhizoids. Rhizoids show like roots but they do not have vascular tissues.
Bryophytes are more plentiful in moist tropical areas. They also produce in deserts, mountains. In dry areas, the growth and activity is limited to wet season only.
Morphology of Bryophytes:
Bryophyte is mainly divided in liverworts and mosses.
Liverworts:
Gametophytes generally are close to ground. There are two types of liverworts namely; thalloid liverworts (gametophyte) and dorsi-ventral, with upper and lower surfaces. Leafy liverworts (distinguished in leaf-like and stem-like structures). Leaves of liverworts are with no midribs. Grows on moist ground or rocks which are also wet. (Can be situated in muddy areas. Examples comprise Marchantia and Riccia.
Mosses:
This is largest class of Bryophytes. They are split into 3 subclasses: Sphagnidae (Reat mosses) Andreaide rock mosses) and Bryidae (true mosses). Example comprises funaria.
External Features of Marchantia:
i) Marchantia (Liverwort) Marchantia belongs to family marchantiaceae. Gametophyte bears archegonia on vertical stalked receptacles known as archegoniophore. It develops in cool moist places together with mosses and increases of burnt grounds. It is deep green in color has the important midrib that is marked on dorsal surface by the shallow groove and in ventral surface by the low ridge covered with rhizoids. Marchantia is decorous. Thallus of Marchantia is attached to surface by rhizoids that are of smooth walled. Scales are also present on ventral surface arranged on both side of mid-rib.
External Characteristics of Funaria (Mosses):
i) Funaria is very common moss and extensively distributed throughout world. Adult gametophyte is most conspicuous form of moist plant. It comprises of the main erect axis bearing leaves that are arranged spirally. Adult gametophyte is known as gametophine. It is small and approx 1-3 cm high. Leaves don't have stalk but illustrate the distinct midrib.
ii) The gametophore is joined to substratum by rhizoids. They are multicellular, branched and contain oblique septae. The gametophyte bears sporophyte that includes foot, seta and capsule. Gametophore grows from the filamentous, green short-lived protomenue.
Adaptation of Bryophytes:
i) Bryophytes are set to soil through thread-like, small structures known as Rhizoids. Rhizoids are unicellular and unbranched in liverworts however multicellular and branched in mosses. They join plant to soil and absorb water and minerals from it.
ii) Hydroids transfer water from rhizoids to leaves at apex and food conducting leptoids transport sucrose. In most other bryophytes, exterior capillary system takes care of distribution of water to all parts of plant body.
Tutorsglobe: A way to secure high grade in your curriculum (Online Tutoring)
Expand your confidence, grow study skills and improve your grades.
Since 2009, Tutorsglobe has proactively helped millions of students to get better grades in school, college or university and score well in competitive tests with live, one-on-one online tutoring.
Using an advanced developed tutoring system providing little or no wait time, the students are connected on-demand with a tutor at www.tutorsglobe.com. Students work one-on-one, in real-time with a tutor, communicating and studying using a virtual whiteboard technology. Scientific and mathematical notation, symbols, geometric figures, graphing and freehand drawing can be rendered quickly and easily in the advanced whiteboard.
Free to know our price and packages for online biology tutoring. Chat with us or submit request at [email protected]
With top-rated Inter-Device Communication Assignment Help by your side, impending deadlines & task complexity is not an issue anymore.
tutorsglobe.com biodiversity assignment help-homework help by online botany tutors
tutorsglobe.com causes for diabetes assignment help-homework help by online diabetes mellitus tutors
tutorsglobe.com reactions of electron transport assignment help-homework help by online electron transport chain tutors
tutorsglobe.com environmental impacts assignment help-homework help by online energy crisis and its environmental impact tutors
tutorsglobe.com fiscal policy and capital formation assignment help-homework help by online objectives of fiscal policy tutors
www.tutorsglobe.com offers substitution mechanism homework help, substitution mechanism assignment help, online tutoring assistance, organic chemistry solutions by online qualified tutor's help.
tutorsglobe.com waste water treatment assignment help-homework help by online waste management tutors
: www.tutorsglobe.com offers nomenclature & structure of amines homework help, nomenclature & structure of amines assignment help, online tutoring assistance, organic chemistry solutions by online qualified tutor's help.
tutorsglobe.com rigor mortis assignment help-homework help by online muscles tutors
Ace your academic grades and performance with Civil Engineering Assignment Help and get tailored solutions, timely delivery, and academic success.
tutorsglobe.com structure of fungi assignment help-homework help by online fungi tutors
accounting can be observer like the provision of a service to ‘clients’. other way of viewing accounting is like a part of the total information system of business.
Theory and lecture notes on AC Fundamental Principles and Phasors all along with the key concepts of phasors, angular frequency, cyclic frequency, period, peak voltage, average value and complex phase plane. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on AC Fundamental Principles and Phasors.
a prototype is a working system - it is not just assumptions and ideas on paper about the new system. like any computer based system the prototype consists of working software.
1937957
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1447835
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!