Reticulo endothelial system

Reticulo endothelial system (RES):

A diffuse system of cells which involves monocytes and macrophages that is phagocytic in nature. The role of macrophage is referred as first order defence mechanism, like it engulf and kill more pathogens efficiently. Macrophages also involved in antigen presentation. Except this, RES as well involved in removing aged RBCs, steroids, dyes, denatured protein, and drugs.
The macrophages obtain the name as per to their location.

1. Liver -          Kupffer cells
2. Brain -         Microglial cells
3. Kidney -       Mesangial cells
4. Spleen -       Splenic macrophages
5. Peritoneum - Peritoneal macrophages.
6. Alveoli -        Alveolar macrophages.

Inflammation:

A localized protective reaction generated in tissue response to any type irritation, injury or infection is termed as inflammation. This is characterized via pain, redness, swelling, and occasionally loss of function. Generally, the name of the tissue, organ and the region that develops inflammation is suffixed along with ‘itis’ for instance conjunctivitis, gastritis and pharyngitis correspondingly. The inflammatory response assists to mobilize the nonspecific defence forces to the tissue space in which pathogen is exist. The damaged cells release chemical mediators like histamine from the mast cells that dilate the close by blood vessels. The complement system activated and after that attracts phagocytes. The plasma leaking from the dilated blood vessel consists of clotting system of proteins. They activated because of the tissue damage and this process leads to “walling off” the area and this assists to avoid spreading of the infectious material.

 

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