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  Digestion in small intestine

Digestion in small intestine:

Five enzymes are available in small intestine to hydrolyze the carbohydrates totally to monosaccharides.

a. Intestinal amylase:
Intestinal amylase hydrolyses the terminal α1-4 linkages in polysaccharides and oligosaccharides releasing free glucose molecules.

b. Lactase:
Lactase is a β-galactosidase that hydrolyses lactose molecule to equimolar amounts of glucose and galactose. The optimum pH of it is 5.4 – 6.0

Lactose   (Lactase) →   Glucose + Galactose

c. Maltase: 
Maltase is a glucosidase which acts on α 1-4 linkages of maltose yielding glucose molecules. Five dissimilar maltases have been recognized in the intestinal epithelial cells. The optimum pH of it ranges among the 5.8 – 6.2.

 Maltose  (Maltase) → Glucose + Galactose

d. Sucrase:
Sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose to equimolar amounts of glucose and fructose through the hydrolyzing β 1-2 linkages.

Sucrose (Sucrase) → Glucose + Fructose

e. Isomaltase: 
Isomaltase hydrolyses the α 1-6 branch points of limit dextrin and liberates maltose and glucose. There are no enzymes exist in our digestive system to hydrolyze β 1, 4 linkages in cellulose, thus it cannot be digested.

 

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