Digestion in small intestine:
Five enzymes are available in small intestine to hydrolyze the carbohydrates totally to monosaccharides.
a. Intestinal amylase: Intestinal amylase hydrolyses the terminal α1-4 linkages in polysaccharides and oligosaccharides releasing free glucose molecules.
b. Lactase:Lactase is a β-galactosidase that hydrolyses lactose molecule to equimolar amounts of glucose and galactose. The optimum pH of it is 5.4 – 6.0
Lactose (Lactase) → Glucose + Galactose
c. Maltase: Maltase is a glucosidase which acts on α 1-4 linkages of maltose yielding glucose molecules. Five dissimilar maltases have been recognized in the intestinal epithelial cells. The optimum pH of it ranges among the 5.8 – 6.2. Maltose (Maltase) → Glucose + Galactose
d. Sucrase: Sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose to equimolar amounts of glucose and fructose through the hydrolyzing β 1-2 linkages.
Sucrose (Sucrase) → Glucose + Fructose
e. Isomaltase: Isomaltase hydrolyses the α 1-6 branch points of limit dextrin and liberates maltose and glucose. There are no enzymes exist in our digestive system to hydrolyze β 1, 4 linkages in cellulose, thus it cannot be digested.
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