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  Carbohydrate as a source of energy

Carbohydrate as a source of energy:

The main function of carbohydrate in metabolism is to works like fuel and get oxidised to give energy for another metabolic processes. The metabolic intermediates are employed for several biosynthetic reactions. For this aim, carbohydrate is used through the cells mostly in the type of glucose. A main part of dietary glucose is transformed to glycogen for storage in liver. Glucose is degraded in the cell through the way of a series of phosphorylated intermediates chiefly through the two metabolic pathways.

1.  Glycolysis
2.  Tricarboxylic acid cycle

Glycolysis:

Oxidation of glucose to pyruvate is known as glycolysis. It was firstly explained through Embden-Meyerhof and Parnas. Therefore it is as well known as Embden-Meyerhof pathway.

Glycolysis takes place virtually in all tissues. Erythrocytes and nervous tissues obtain the energy chiefly from glycolysis. This pathway is distinctive in the sense that it can carry on in both aerobic (existence of O2) and anaerobic (nonexistence of O2) conditions.

Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)

TCA cycle is the carbohydrate metabolism’s aerobic phase and follows the anaerobic pathway by the stage of pyruvate and is known as citric acid cycle or abbreviated as TCA cycle. The term citric acid cycle stems from citric acid that is created in the first step of this cycle. This cycle is also termed as "Kerbs cycle" after H.A. Krebs, an English biochemist who is worked on it.
Within aerobic conditions, pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl coenzyme A (active acetate) earlier than entering the citric acid cycle. This takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and creates a link between glycolysis and TCA (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle.

 

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