Types of Curved Mirror:
We encompass two kinds of curved mirrors namely the concave and the convex mirrors. They are building up of silvering a glass surface that is a part of the sphere.
If the outside surface of the spherical portion is silvered and the internal surface of the reflecting portion, the resultant mirror is termed as a concave mirror. On the other hand, if the internal surface is silvered and the exterior surface is the reflecting part, the resultant mirror is termed as convex mirror.
Principal rays for locating images in a curved mirror:
Whenever you wish for to construct ray diagrams, you will employ the given principal rays to locate the image position of your object.
1) For a concave mirror:
2) For a convex mirror:
Incident rays parallel to the principal axis are reflected in such a way that they appear to come from the principal focus.
Incident rays traveling in the direction of the centre of curvature meet up the mirror at right angles and therefore are reflected back all along their own paths.
Image Formed by Curved Mirrors:
The size, nature and position of the image made by a curved mirror based on the position of the object from the pole of the mirror. We can study there by the utilization of an illuminated object, a concave mirror and a screen.
To perform this, you will put the concave mirror on a stand and let light from the illuminated object to fall centrally on it by the adjustment of the height of the mirror. The mirror is a little turned to one side so as to make an image where possible on the screen. You can do this for different object positions.
If you employ a convex mirror, you will get an erect and virtual image smaller than the object position.
Images Formed by Concave Mirror:
1) If the object is placed at the center of the mirror, then image is as well formed at center, real, inverted and having the similar size as object.
2) If the object is placed away from the center of the mirror, image is made between the focal point and center of the mirror. Properties of mirrors are, real, inverted and smaller in size.
3) If the object is placed between the focal point and center of the mirror, then the image is made away from the center. Features of the image are real, inverted and magnified in size.
4) If the object is placed at focal point and as you can view reflected rays goes parallel to one other. In another words, they don't intersect in any point, therefore we suppose that image is made at infinity.
5) If the object is placed between the focal point and vertex then the virtual image is formed behind the mirror. As the rays reflected from the mirror don't intersect, their extensions behind the mirror intersect and virtual image is made. Image is magnified in size and erect dissimilar the real images.
Images Formed by Convex Mirror:
1) Object between infinity and pole: If the object is between infinity and the pole of a convex mirror, a diminished, virtual and erect image is made between pole and focus behind the mirror.
2) Object at infinity: If the object is at infinity, a point sized image is made at principal focus behind the convex mirror.
Distinction between Real and Virtual Images:
1) Real image can be captured in a screen whereas virtual image can't be captured in a screen.
2) Real image is for all time inverted whereas virtual image is for all time erect.
3) In real image, light rays in reality meet up to form a real image whereas in virtual image, light rays don't in reality meet.
Uses (Applications) of Curved Mirrors:
1) Object between 'F' and 'P' of a concave mirror:
At this position, the concave mirror is employed as dentist mirror, make-up mirror and showing mirror as the image formed in this position of object is enlarged, erect and virtual.
2) Object at 'f' of a concave mirror:
At this object position, the concave mirror is employed for torch. As well, parabolic concave mirrors are employed in car head-lamps and search-light. They generate a broad parallel beam of light of constant intensity if a small light source is positioned at its focus.
3) Object between 'f' and 'c':
At object position, concave mirrors are employed in several type of flood light.
4) Object at 'c':
Concave mirror is employed as projector lamp in the object position.
Mirror Formula and Sign Conventions:
Assume that AB be an object positioned beyond C before the concave mirror with pole P and focus F. Let it make an inverted real image at A', A'B'.
Supposition: Paraxial Approximation, that is, ray AB is much close to pole P of the mirror.
From simple geometry Δ ABC ≈ Δ A'B'C
Thus,
(A'B')/AB = (A'C)/AC
Again, Δ FPE ≈ Δ A'B'C
Therefore, (A'B')/EP = A'F/FP
But EP = AB (since BE || XY)
Thus, (A'B')/AB = A'F/FP
From both the equation, we have
(A'C)/AC = A'F/FP
(CP - A'P)/(AP - CP) = (A'P - FP)/FP
Again, CP = 2FP (Radius of curvature = 2 x focal length)
Now AP = -u, A'P = -v, FP = -f, CP = 2FP = -2f
From the above equation,
=> [-2f-(-v)]/[(-u) - ( -2f)] = [(-v) - (-f)]/(-f)
On resolving, we get
1/f = (1/u) + (1/v)
Sign Convention for Spherical Mirrors:
The given sign convention is employed for measuring various distances in the ray diagrams of spherical mirrors:
1) All the distances are computed from the pole of mirror.
2) Distances evaluated in the direction of incident ray are positive and the distances measured in the direction opposite to that of the incident rays are negative.
3) Distances evaluated above the principal axis are positive and that measured beneath the principal axis are negative.
Defects of Spherical Mirrors:
We will notice spherical aberration if the aperture of a spherical mirror is big. We will as well familiar that a beam of light parallel to the axis doesn't converge to the principal focus. Such a mirror brings rays close to the principal axis to a focus further away from the pole of the mirror than the focus. Moreover, it is found that the reflected rays are tangents to a curve termed as a caustic curve. The incapability of such spherical mirror of broad aperture to bring all the parallel rays to similar focus is termed as spherical aberration. In order to ignore this phenomenon, spherical mirrors of small apertures are generally employed. As well, parabolic mirrors, where all the parallel rays are brought to a single focus are employed.
To shun the blurred images due to spherical aberration, parabolic mirrors are employed to generate parallel beams in search lights, torch lights and car head-lamps.
Tutorsglobe: A way to secure high grade in your curriculum (Online Tutoring)
Expand your confidence, grow study skills and improve your grades.
Since 2009, Tutorsglobe has proactively helped millions of students to get better grades in school, college or university and score well in competitive tests with live, one-on-one online tutoring.
Using an advanced developed tutoring system providing little or no wait time, the students are connected on-demand with a tutor at www.tutorsglobe.com. Students work one-on-one, in real-time with a tutor, communicating and studying using a virtual whiteboard technology. Scientific and mathematical notation, symbols, geometric figures, graphing and freehand drawing can be rendered quickly and easily in the advanced whiteboard.
Free to know our price and packages for online physics tutoring. Chat with us or submit request at [email protected]
tutorsglobe.com fungi assignment help-homework help by online biodiversity tutors
Theory and lecture notes of Overview of recovery management all along with the key concepts of Recovery manager, Recovery administrator, Warm start, Emergency restart, Cold start. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Overview of recovery management.
Le Chatelier principle and chemical equilibria tutorial all along with the key concepts of Determination of equilibrium constants, Le Chatelier's Principle and the Shift in Equilibrium Position, Effect of Concentration Change, Effect of Changing Pressure by changing Volume
Fertilization and gamete formation tutorial all along with the key concepts of Recognition of Egg and Sperm, Sperm attraction-Action at a distance, Acrosomal Reaction in Sea-urchin, sperm-binding protein of mouse zona pellucida, Translocation and Capacitation and Hyperactivation and chemotaxis
tutorsglobe.com digestion in small intestine assignment help-homework help by online proteins tutors
tutorsglobe.com surface tension assignment help-homework help by online cell membrane tutors
Proteins and Enzymes-Structure and Function tutorial all along with the key concepts of Structure of Proteins, Classification of Proteins, Enzymes, Mechanism of enzyme Action, Factors which affect Enzyme Activity
tutorsglobe.com function of treasury management assignment help-homework help by online treasury management tutors
tutorsglobe.com foxpro assignment help-homework help by online computer programming tutors
Check the insulation resistance among the body and the commutator or segments through a 500V Megger, for armatures rated up to 250 volts.
get qualified tutors from molecular physics assignment help service and secure impeccable grades at affordable prices.
tutorsglobe.com transgenic microbes assignment help-homework help by online biotechnology tutors
Crystal classification tutorial all along with the key concepts of Fundamental types of lattices, Direction indices, Miller indices, Determination of Miller Indices, Principles of Miller Indices
Explain inventory control - define Perpetual Inventory System, ABC System, Just in Time Inventory, VED Analysis, and FSND Analysis.
Statistical Treatment of Data tutorial all along with the key concepts of Definitions of various Statistical Terms, Ways of Expressing Precision, Average Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation, Standard Deviation of Mean, Student t-Test and F-test
1934744
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1446694
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!