Ascomycotina:

 Figure: Ascomycetes and their Ascocarps

Hyphae are septate, and vegetative body is haplophase. It contains five groups. This subdivision involves forms like brown moulds, yeasts, green moulds, cup fungi, pink moulds, and edible morels. In this class of fungi asexual reproduction occurs by different kinds of non-motile spores like chlamydospores, oidia, and conidia. Sexual reproduction occurs by means of gametangial copulation (yeasts), Gametangial contact (i.e., Penicillium) and by somatogamy (i.e., Morchella). The ascomycetes or sac fungi are characterized by the growth of spores termed as ascospores. Such ascospores are enclosed in a sac like structure, that is, the ascus. In primitive ascomycetes the asci take place singly. In advanced ascomycetes, groups of asci obtain aggregated to form campact fruiting bodies termed as the ascocarps. The ascocarps are of three kinds:

(i) Cleistothecium:

These are spherical and closed ascocarps. Example: Eurotium

(ii) Perithecium:

Such are flask shaped ascocarps. Example: Neurospora.

(iii) Apothecium:

Such are cup shaped ascocarps. Example: Peziza.

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