Explain preparation and properties of phosphorus trichloride

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Explain preparation and properties of phosphorus trichloride

Homework Help >> Question >> Explain preparation and properties of phosphorus trichloride

It may be prepared by the action of phosphorus on thionyl chloride.

P₄ + 8SOCl₂   4OCl₃ + 4SO₂ + 2S₂Cl₂

Lab. Method: it is more conveniently prepared in the laboratory by heating white phosphorus in a current of dry chlorine when phosphorus trichloride distils over.

P₄ + 6Cl₂   4PCl₃

Phosphorus is gently heated in a retort on a water bath and current dry chlorine is passed. Phosphorus trichloride distils over and is collected in a receiver cooled in freezing mixture.

It is redistilled over white phosphorus to remove any phosphorus pentachloride present an impurity.

Properties

It is colourless fuming liquid.

It reacts violently with water forming phosphorus acid.

PCl₃ + 3HOH   H₃PO₃ + 3HCl

It reacts with concentrated H2SO4 forming chlorosulphonic acid.


Or, 2H₂SO₄ + PCl₃   HSO₃Cl + HPO₃ + SO₂ + HCl

It reacts with organic compounds containing hydroxyl group.


It directly combines with Cl₂, O₂ and S. this indicates that it is an unsaturated compound.

PCl₃ + Cl₂   PCl₅

2PCl₃ + O₂   2POCl₃

PCl₃ + S   PSCl₃

It acts as a reducing agent.

PCl₃ + SO₂Cl₂   PCl₅ + SO₂

PCL₃ + SO₃   POCL₃ + SO₂

3PCl₃ + S₂Cl₂   PCL₅ + 2PSCl₃

It reacts with finely divided metals when hot.

12Ag + 4PCl₃   12AgCl + P₄

6Na + PCl₃   3NaCl + Na₂P

Question Posted On: 6/26/2012 8:43:00 AM, Science/Math, Chemistry

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