Question 2- Which one of the following is not a basic type of computer crime?
A. Using phone lines to gain illegal access to computer systems
B. Downloading copyrighted material
C. Pirating software
D. Changing data in a system to engage in illegal activity
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Question 2
Beth is the director of a chain of nursing homes and files fraudulent Medicare claims. She is guilty of what kind of white-collar crime?
A. Crime incidental to and in furtherance of organizational operations
B. Crime of negligence
C. Internal computer crime
D. Illegal service crime
Question 3
Which one of the following is not a primary characteristic of organized crime?
A. Provision of illegal goods and services
B. Code of conduct for members
C. Use of political corruption to maintain and extend activities
D. No face-to-face confrontations with victims
Question 4
Which one of the following statements is true of youth crime and gangs?
A. Gang members are likely to be members for many years.
B. Conditions that spawn gangs are improving for certain groups, such as Hispanics.
C. Youths under the age of 18 account for nearly 50% of all arrests for serious crimes.
D. Individual gang members are more likely than the group to be involved in drug trafficking.
Question 5
Which one of the following statements is true of crime rates?
A. Overall, the number of offenses and rate per 100,000 inhabitants decreased between 1975 and 1997.
B. Overall, the number of offenses and rate per 100,000 inhabitants increased between 1975 and 1997.
C. Between 1975 and 1997, the number of offenses increased, but the rate per 100,000 inhabitants decreased.
D. Between 1975 and 1997, the number of offenses decreased, but the rate per 100,000 in habitants increased.
Question 6
Which one of the following statements is not true regarding distribution and victims of crime?
A. Males are more likely than females to be victims of aggravated assault.
B. North Dakota has the highest homicide rate in the United States.
C. Hispanics are more likely than non-Hispanics to be victims of robbery.
D. South Dakota has the lowest vehicle theft rate of any state.
Question 7
Part of the reason for decreasing crime rates in the 1990s was:
A. the decreasing number of young males.
B. police strategies that targeted youth gangs.
C. the U.S. government's war on drugs.
D. the decreasing influence of organized crime.
Question 8
Which one of the following is not a major problem with rehabilitation as a response to crime?
A. With little rehabilitation in place, prisons may become a training ground for prisoners.
B. Longer time in prison can decrease the likelihood of recidivism.
C. Relatively few jails have formal rehabilitation programs.
D. A section of the population feels that prisons should exist for punishment and should be isolated from society.
Question 9
The most important family-related factor associated with delinquency is:
A. the socioeconomic status of the family.
B. whether the family is African-American, Caucasian, or Hispanic.
C. a family history of criminal behavior.
D. the quality of relationships between children and parents.
Question 10
The attitude that prisoners are not trustworthy enough to hold responsible jobs, together with condemnation of prisoners for not becoming respectable, represents the fallacy of:
A. non sequitur.
B. appeal to prejudice.
C. circular reasoning.
D. personal attack.
Question 11
Which one of the following crime-reduction programs has not been proven ineffective?
A. Gun "buyback" programs
B. Correctional boot camps
C. "Scared Straight" programs
D. Vocational educational programs in prisons
Question 12
Which one of the following statements is true of violence in intimate relationships?
A. Around 70% of the victims of intimate violence are women.
B. Both Black and White women are equally likely to be victims of intimate violence.
C. Around one million incidents of intimate violence occur each year.
D. Intimate violence accounts for around 21% of all violent victimizations of males.
Question 13
Posttraumatic stress disorder is not likely to be characterized by which one of the following?
A. Feelings of guilt
B. Withdrawal from life
C. Violent outbursts
D. Nightmares
Question 14
The use of violence to bring about change, resulting instead in harm to the cause, is considered to be:
A. seductive self-destruction.
B. anomie.
C. relative deprivation.
D. psychological trauma.
Question 15
Which one of the following statements is a finding of Paige's (1971) study of political trust, political information, and riot participation?
A. Those who scored low on information and trust were most likely to riot.
B. There was no relationship between information, trust, and riot participation.
C. Those who scored high on information and low on trust were most likely to riot.
D. There was no relationship between information and rioting, but low trust was associated with rioting.
Question 16
Regarding the issue of gun control, which one of the following statements is true?
A. Most gun-related murders in the home are caused by intruders.
B. The presence of guns in a home increases protection more than it increases danger to the family.
C. People without guns are more likely to commit murder than people with guns.
D. Guns are the weapons most frequently used in homicide and armed robbery.
Question 17
In an experiment in which students administered shocks to their partners related to "good" or "bad" ideas generated, which one of the following results was found? personalities were likely to administer more shocks. administer more shocks. likely to administer more shocks. administer more shocks.
A. Students who were evaluated as having antisocial
B. Students with a history of violent behavior were likely to
C. Students who had firearms in the room with them were
D. Students who had received shock themselves were likely to
Question 18
Regarding the view that the South is characterized by a "subculture of violence," which one of the following statements is true?
A. Poverty is more directly associated with homicide and suicide than is a subculture of violence.
B. Southern racism and conservatism are not related to gun ownership.
C. Southerners were previously more likely than others to support retaliatory violence; this difference no longer exists.
D. High homicide rates in the South support the view that a subculture of violence exists.
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Question 19
Surveys on the number and characteristics of rape survivors have found which one of the following?
A. African-American women reported the highest rates of rape.
B. The majority of rapes involve strangers.
C. About 19% of women have been victims of incestuous abuse.
D. Interracial rape is widespread.
Question 20
Which one of the following is not a major rationalization that rapists use to justify their actions?
A. Women act in ways that are seductive.
B. Women send mixed messages, saying "no" but meaning "yes."
C. The act came about while the offender was incapacitated by alcohol or drugs.
D. The rapists themselves have been sexually victimized.