Assignment:
BSC 1005 2nd Exam Spring 2016 Professor: Dr. Victor Okoh Instruction: Read the following questions carefully and circle the most correct answer.
1. Which of the following most accurately define energy?
A) Something that can cause movement
B) Something that produces heat
C) Something that has the capacity to do work
D) Something that must be eaten
E) Something that provides sunlight
2. During light independent (Dark) reactions of photosynthesis:
A) H2O is oxidized to oxygen and hydrogen ions.
B) ATP is used to produce H2O.
C) ATP is used to produce NADPH.
D) CO2 is fixed into glucose.
3. The ultimate source of energy for most life on Earth is:
A) Heat from the Earth.
B) The metabolic processes found in all living things.
C) The sun D) Oxygen.
4. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from:
A) Water.
B) Carbohydrates.
C) Carbon dioxide.
D) The air plants take in.
E) The atmosphere
5. Plants are green because of which of the following:
A) Green nucleus
B) Green enzymes
C) Green food vacuole
D) Green chlorophyll
E) All of the above are correct
6. Which statement about energy transfer in nature is true?
A) 10% of energy is lost during conversion in ecosystem
B) 50% of energy is lost during conversion in ecosystem
C) 90% of energy is lost during transfer in food chain
D) 100% of energy is lost during conversion in ecosystem.
7. Plants provide animals with which of the following?
A) Food
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Food and oxygen
E) Food and carbon dioxide
8. What product required by plants do animals produce during cellular respiration?
A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) CO2
D) ADP
E) ATP
9. As a by-product of photosynthesis, what percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is oxygen?
A) 31 percent
B) 41 percent
C) 21 percent
D) 10 percent
E) 50 percent
10. Plants make ATP during the light reactions of photosynthesis. Why do plants also need to carry out the process of cellular respiration?
A) The ATP made during photosynthesis is different from the ATP made during cellular respiration.
B) Plants need to make ATP from cellular respiration only when the conditions for photosynthesis are bad.
C) The ATP made during photosynthesis is only enough to fuel the dark reactions. The plant has to carry out cellular respiration to make ATP for other metabolic activities.
D) Plants do not need to perform cellular respiration.
11. During glycolysis, a glucose molecule will be split into two, three-carbon ____ molecules.
A) Acetyl CoA
B) Pyruvic acid
C) ATP
D) Oxloacetatic acid
E) NADPH
12. How many pyruvic acid molecules are generated during the oxidation of one glucose molecule during cellular respiration?
A) Three
B) Two
C) Zero
D) One
E) Four
13. Which statement is true about cellular respiration?
A) You cannot obtain energy (ATP) from fat as the energy expenditure is too much
B) You cannot obtain energy (ATP) from protein because of the energy expenditure
C) You can obtain energy from both proteins and fat even though the initial energy expenditure is much
D) A, B, and C are all true statements
E) Neither A, B nor C is correct statement
14. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a transformed sun's energy fueling cellular work?
A) This statement is false as ATP is not ultimately derived from sun.
B) This statement is true as all energy form in our solar system is derived from sun.
C) ATP is generated from carbohydrates and the sun has nothing to do with it.
D) I am a little confused by this question and answer choices.
15. The breaking apart of water in photosynthesis is critical to animals because it produces what:
A) Generates ATP.
B) Regenerates RuBP.
C) Creates a food source.
D) Consumes carbon dioxide.
E) Oxygen.
16. When glucose is the fuel source, what is the correct sequence of stages in cellular respiration?
A) Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
B) Electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis
C) Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport
D) Electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
E) Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
17. The three main products of glycolysis are:
A) ATP, NAD+, and CO2.
B) ATP, pyruvic acid, and CO2.
C) ATP, NADH, and Pyruvate.
D) ATP and pyruvic acid.
18. Glycolysis occurs in the cell's:
A) Cytosol.
B) Mitochondria.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) Plasma membrane
E) Nucleus.
19. The structure of ATP contains how many phosphate group?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
E) Six
20. T/F: If you deplete your glucose reserve (starvation), your body will obtain energy from your fat reserve:
A) This is a true statement.
B) This is a false statement
C) I have an alternate explanation professor.....via my google research
D) I don't know the answer because I missed class the day you made this point....so I'll mark this option wrong (next time I will come to class on time)!
21. T/F: Yucca (cassava) is a chemical form of sun's energy in plant?
A) This is a true statement.
B) This is a false statement
C) I have an alternate explanation professor.....via my google research
D) I don't know the answer because I missed class the day you made this point....so mark this option wrong (next time I will come to class on time)!
22. There is an energy investment step needed to get glycolysis started, this step requires the use of ________ ATPs.
A) zero
B) four
C) two
D) three
23. What is the net maximum number of ATP molecules that can be produced per glucose molecule during cellular respiration?
A) 28-36 ATP
B) 4-14 ATP
C) 8-32 ATP
D) 2-40 ATP
E) 38-40 ATP
24. What is the minimum number of ATP molecules that can be produced per glucose molecule during anaerobic cellular respiration?
A) 36
B) 4
C) 8
D) 2
E) 38
25. During the Calvin cycle, plants:
A) Fix CO2 into sugar.
B) Create ATP.
C) Oxidize H2O to oxygen.
D) Convert solar energy to chemical energy.
26. The majority of ATP in aerobic respiration is produced by:
A) The Krebs cycle.
B) Glycolysis.
C) The electron transport chain.
D) Photolysis
27. During cellular respiration, sun energy stored in __________ is converted to chemical energy
A) CO2
B) FAD+
C) NAD+
D) glucose
E) ATP
28. Eukaryotic cells require oxygen to:
A) Enter the Krebs cycle as an intermediate.
B) Perform fermentation.
C) Breathe.
D) Serve as an electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
E) Start glycolysis.
29. Glycolysis occurs in the ________, the Krebs cycle occurs in the ________, and the electron transport chain occurs in the ________ membrane.
A) Mitochondria; mitochondria; mitochondrial
B) Cytoplasm; mitochondria; mitochondrial
C) Mitochondria; cytoplasm; plasma
D) Cytoplasm; cytoplasm; plasma
E) Cytoplasm; mitochondria; plasma
30. Which of the following statements concerning the electron transport chain is false?
A) The final electron acceptor is oxygen.
B) Each NADH yields three ATP molecules.
C) Each FADH2 yields two ATP molecules.
D) The electron transport chain will work whether oxygen is present or not.
31. What product(s) do plants produce during photosynthesis that is/are used by humans and other animals?
A) Glucose
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Glucose and oxygen
32. When Usain Bolt is dashing for 100 meters, he breaths less while breaking the world speed record. Where could he have gotten all the energy to be world fastest man if he isn't breathing that much while sprinting?
A) His ETC goes on overdrive in producing ATP even when oxygen is low.
B) His Kreb cycle goes on overdrive to expel CO2 so as to excess lots ATP to burn.
C) His glycolytic step goes on overdrive in burning excess glucose to produce 40 ATP per molecule to sustain the burst of activity of his muscle cells
D) His glycolytic step goes on overdrive to burn excess glucose to make only 2 ATP per molecule.
E) I have no idea and google can't help me out here
33. Which of the following molecules is produced in the intermediate step between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?
A) ATP
B) Oxaloacetate
C) Pyruvic acid
D) Acetyl CoA and CO2
E) Citric acid
34. What is the energy currency of cells?
A) ATP
B) glucose
C) enzymes
D) ADP
E) vitamins
35. The purpose of chlorophyll is to:
A) Absorb light energy.
B) Let CO2 enter the plant.
B) Make ATP.
C) Make NADPH.
36. The products of the light reactions that are then used by the Calvin cycle are:
A) ATP only
B) ADP and NADP+.
C) ATP and O2.
D) O2 and NADH.
E) ATP and NADH.
37. How many carbon dioxide molecules are required to make one molecule of glucose?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Six
D) Eight
38. Chloroplast is domed shape because......
A) They are more efficient in absorbing light energy while dome
B) Being domed shape allows chloroplast to increase oxygen production
C) Domed shape chloroplast splits sunlight into its component wavelength as not all spectrum participates in photosynthesis
D) Domed shape chloroplast allows the chlorophyll to adsorbed more light energy
39. What does oxygen allow humans to do?
A) Breathe
B) Produce food
C) Digest food
D) Produce ATP from food
40. What is the primary purpose of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
A) To produce glucose
B) To release electrons needed to convert solar energy to chemical energy such as ATP
C) To create oxygen gas
D) To remove carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere
41. You are in Africa and you see a severely malnourished starving child on brink of death. In your backpack you have a piece of water, bread and several bottles of chocolate ‘ensure food drink'. The bread have several more calories than the ensure drink or water. Which should you give to the child?
A) Bread because a malnourished child needs all the ATP they to recover
B) The ensure food drink because the body will spend less energy breaking it down
C) I will give the child both bread and ensure because the child will need all the ATP to survive and recover
D) I will carry the child till I can find help
E) Not sure what I will do really
42. Stage 3 to 4 cancer cells are vicious in that they ‘eat up' the glucose in the body leaving normal cells to starve and die. Why is that so?
A) Cancer cells are more efficient in converting glucose to ATP whereas normal cells are inefficient at this task leaving them disadvantaged
B) Normal cells don't like to make ATP from glucose whereas cancer cells do
C) Advanced cancer cells are highly metabolic and uses up excess glucose in glycolytic process hence leaving normal cells with little glucose for their own survival
D) Cancer cells prefer to make ATP from glycolysis which is more efficient than ETC
E) None of these options are correct.
43. What will happen if you grow your yucca in the dark for 2wks while providing nutrient, water and CO2?
A) Nothing....I will have nice yucca yam at end of 2wks
B) The leaves will be dull or dead so no yucca yam will be available at the end of 2wks
C) The yucca yam will be bigger than if I grew it outside; after all carbohydrates are made in night reaction.
D) The yucca will not form at all for it needs light to make ATP to drive yucca production
E) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
44. T/F? Leaves in plants act like solar panel to harness the sun's energy and for cellular respiration?
A) Absolutely true statement
B) Absolutely false statement
C) There is some truth to the statement and I can prove that
D) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
45. T/F? When an animal dies and rots, this is a good example of First law of thermodynamics
A) Absolutely true statement
B) Absolutely false statement
C) None of the above option is correct
D) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
46. T/F? Plants use ATP from light reaction to maintain its own metabolic activities?
A) Absolutely true statement
B) Absolutely false statement
C) None of the above option is correct
D) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
47. T/F In terms of thermodynamics, yucca is kinetic energy?
A) Absolutely true statement
B) Absolutely false statement
C) None of the above option is correct
D) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
48. T/F. When you waste energy in your home, you are essentially ‘destroying' it which would increase your energy bill?
A) Absolutely true statement
B) Absolutely false statement
C) None of the above option is correct
D) I missed class that day so I will have to guess the answer
49. T/F. Normal cells can survive on ATP from glycolysis very well...
A) True
B) False
50. T/F. Stage 4 cancer cells are efficient in ATP synthesis from ETC
A) True
B) False