Question 1
The components of motivation include _____
assimilation and accommodation.
autonomy and initiative.
activation, persistence, intensity.
set point, parental investment, plateau.
Question 2
Stella studies for her exam so she can earn a passing grade and maintain her scholarship. Dorothy studies for her exam because that seems to be the only time her parents leave her alone. Though Stella and Dorothy are both studying for their respective exams, on which of the following bases do they differ?
optimal level of arousal
persistence
intensity
motives
Question 3
Psychologists generally agree that _____ true instincts motivate human behavior.
no
only a few
some
many
Question 4
A(n) _____ is a psychologist who applies his/her knowledge in the workplace and is especially interested in work motivation and job performance.
shift supervisor
psychiatrist
certified public accountant
industrial/organizational psychologist
Question 5
According to the goal orientation theory, those who adhere to the _____ orientation seem to be motivated to do whatever may be necessary to avoid failing, whereas those who adhere to the _____ orientation are intrinsically motivated to do whatever they can to put themselves into a position to succeed.
performance/approach; mastery/approach
mastery/avoidance; mastery/approach
performance/avoidance; performance/approach
mastery/avoidance; performance/approach
Question 6
Matthew is a teacher at a local high school. He doesn't particularly like his job, nor does he have much regard for his students. He shows up to work every day and works hard enough to be better than the worst teacher. He does enough avoid getting fired or otherwise losing his job, but by no means is he striving to be a great teacher. According to research on the goal orientation theory, which of the following orientations most likely fits Matthew's motivation?
mastery/avoidance
performance/approach
performance/avoidance
mastery/performance
Question 7
According to Maslow's research, which of the following appears to be the "hallmark" of self-actualizers?
a sense of humor
peak experiences
safety and security
accurately perceiving reality
Question 8
Activity in the _____ tells us to eat, whereas activity in the _____ tells us to stop eating because we are full.
amygdala; right frontal lobe
lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus
lateral hypothalamus; prefrontal cortex
amygdala; ventromedial hypothalamus
Question 9
Adam has had difficulty controlling his insulin level for years. While he monitors his blood glucose level and tries to eat right, he finds that he still has insulin levels that are too high. In fact, medical tests have shown that his body chronically oversecretes insulin. Based on research, Adam likely _____
is very thin.
never feels hungry.
has too much activity in his ventromedial hypothalamus.
is overweight or even obese.
Question 10
Based on research by Barsh and colleagues (2000), _____ genes appear to be related to body weight regulation.
seven
about a dozen
approximately twenty
more than 40
Question 11
The _____ implies that each individual is genetically programmed to carry a particular amount of body weight.
metabolic rate theory
James-Lange theory
body mass index theory
set-point theory
Question 12
Twenty-two-year-old Ted is at the doctor's office for his annual physical with his family physician. After being weighed and measured, it is clear that Ted is almost six feet tall but weighs only 125 pounds. When discussing this with his physician, he also shares that he sees himself as fat, which is why he eats very little. Ted's physician asked him to look in the mirror and report what he sees. Ted reports seeing a very tall and overweight male. Ted's physician should be concerned because Ted seems to meet the criteria for _____
bulimia nervosa.
binge eating disorder.
lateral hypothalamus damage.
anorexia nervosa.
Question 13
Which of the following neurotransmitters appears to contribute to bulimia nervosa?
acetylcholine
dopamine
serotonin
glutamate
Question 14
Based on sexuality research presented in your text, which of the following statements is true?
Japan reported the highest frequency of intercourse.
Female college students reported expecting sexual intercourse to become part of the dating relationship sooner than male college students.
Though the gender gap has narrowed since the twentieth century, men are still more likely to have more permissive attitudes toward sex than females.
Greece reported the lowest annual rate of sexual activity.
Question 15
Which of the following theories of emotion suggests that the physiological, or bodily, response occurs first, with the emotion then following?
Schachter-Singer theory
James-Lange theory
Smith-Scott theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Question 16
The _____ states that emotional feelings result when an individual becomes aware of a physiological response to an emotion-provoking stimulus (for example, feeling fear because of trembling).
LeDoux theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Smith-Scott theory
James-Lange theory
Question 17
The _____ states that an emotion-provoking stimulus is transmitted simultaneously to the cerebral cortex, providing the conscious mental experience of the emotion, and to the sympathetic nervous system, causing the physiological arousal.
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Smith-Scott theory
James-Lange theory
Question 18
Which of the following theories of emotion contains a cognitive component?
James-Lange theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Kinsey theory
drive-reduction theory
Question 19
Which part of the brain is responsible for "conquering one's fear"?
hypothalamus
cortex
lateral hypothalamus
ventromedial hypothalamus
Question 20
_____ dictate how emotions should generally be expressed within a culture and when and where their expression is appropriate.
Display rules
The need for achievement
Societal affective factors
Basic emotions