Part 1: Chemistry
1. Examine the following unbalanced chemical equation: CO + C → CO. Which of the following is the correctly balanced form of this equation?
2. A salt is obtained as a reaction between
A. an acid and oxygen.
B. a nonmetal and a metal.
C. a base and an acid.
D. a base and water.
3. An atom of chlorine has several valence electrons in its
A. nucleus.
B. third shell.
C. first shell.
D. second shell.
4. The smallest unit of an element that has all of the properties of the element is a/an
A. neutron.
B. cell.
C. atom.
D. molecule.
5. Salt is the product formed by a reaction in which _______ atoms of an acid are replaced by the atoms of a metal.
A. carbon
B. oxygen
C. nitrogen
D. hydrogen
6. A chemical reaction in which two or more substances undergo a chemical union to form a more complex substance is a _______ reaction.
A. substitution
B. decomposition
C. double replacement
D. combination
7. A chemical reaction in which two elements or radicals change places with two other elements or radicals is a _______ reaction.
A. combination
B. decomposition
C. substitution
D. double replacement
8. Which one of the following statements about sulfuric acid is correct?
A. Sulfuric acid is dangerous to living organisms.
B. Sulfuric acid is a known muriatic acid.
C. Sulfuric acid has little effect on metals.
D. Sulfuric acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
9. Sodium is preferred over potassium in industrial applications because
A. sodium is produced more economically.
B. sodium salts are easily decomposed.
C. potassium has a higher melting temperature.
D. potassium oxidizes more slowly in air.
10. The periodic table is based on an element's
A. molecular mass.
B. atomic number.
C. atomic mass.
D. molecular size.
11. A solution that contains a large amount of salt and a small amount of water is said to be a _______solution.
A. saturated
B. dilute
C. concentrated
D. unsaturated
12. Based upon the pH scale, a vegetable with a pH of 5.3 would be
A. ionic.
B. neutral.
C. basic.
D. acidic.
13. Which of the following will result in a chemical change?
A. Melting ice to obtain water
B. Drying wood in a shed
C. Evaporating alcohol into vapor
D. Burning coal in a furnace
14. The valence of aluminum is +3, and the valence of chlorine is -1. The formula for aluminum chloride is correctly written as
15. Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing
A. carbon.
B. hydrogen.
C. nitrogen.
D. oxygen.
16. In the process of electrolysis, current can flow through a liquid because
A. hydrogen is electrically neutralized in the solution.
B. negative ions are attracted to the anode.
C. water molecules become negatively charged.
D. cations of the electrolyte accumulate at the positive electrodes.
17. The element fluorine is classified in the periodic table as a/an
A. alkali metal.
B. halogen.
C. metalloid.
D. metal.
18. A chemical reaction in which compounds break up into simpler constituents is a _______ reaction.
A. decomposition
B. combination
C. double replacement
D. substitution
19. The periodic table was developed based upon the work of which scientist?
A. Newton
B. Dalton
C. Mendeleev
D. Moseley
20. The statement "matter can be neither created nor destroyed by chemical means, but it can be changed from one form to another" is the chemical law of
A. atomic disintegration.
B. conservation of matter.
C. conservation of energy.
D. definite proportions.
21. Which of the following is one way to prevent the corrosion of iron?
A. Protect the iron from polluted air.
B. Add carbon to the iron.
C. Let the iron develop a natural coat of carbonate.
D. Paint exposed iron parts with protective paint.
22. A solution that contains a small amount of salt and a large amount of water is said to be a _______
solution.
A. saturated
B. dilute
C. unsaturated
D. concentrated
23. If water and oil are combined in a container, the resulting liquid is a(n)
A. solution.
B. mixture.
C. suspension.
D. emulsion.
24. Which one of the following formulas represents an aldehyde?
25. In the chemical equation Zn + 2HCL → ZnCl
A. zinc and hydrogen carbonate.
B. zinc and hydrochloric acid.
C. zinc chloride and hydrogen.
D. zinc chlorate and water.
26. When an electron is displaced in a semiconductor, the hole that's left behind is
A. attracted to the anode of the voltage source.
B. incapable of carrying a charge.
C. attracted to the negative terminal of the voltage source.
D. considered an impurity in the crystal.
27. C. attracted to the negative terminal of the voltage source.
Part 2: Light
1. If the distance from a converging lens to the object is less than the focal length of the lens, the image will be
A. virtual, upright, and larger than the object.
B. real, inverted, and smaller than the object.
C. real, inverted, and larger than the object.
D. virtual, upright, and smaller than the object.
2. An object is located 51 millimeters from a diverging lens. The object has a height of 13 millimeters and the image height is 3.5 millimeters. How far in front of the lens is the image located?
A. 1.12 millimeters
B. 189 millimeters
C. 13.7 millimeters
D. 51 millimeters
3. If an object 18 millimeters high is placed 12 millimeters from a diverging lens and the image is formed 4 millimeters in front of the lens, what is the height of the image?
A. 8 millimeters
B. 6 millimeters
C. 14 millimeters
D. 22 millimeters
4. When a beam of light passes at an oblique angle into a material of lower optical density, the angle of incidence is
A. less than the angle of reflection.
B. greater than the angle of refraction.
C. less than the angle of refraction.
D. greater than the angle of reflection.
5. A failure of the red-sensitive nerves in the eye to respond to light properly causes
A. astigmatism.
B. color blindness.
C. chromatic aberration.
D. farsightedness.
6. According to the information in your study unit, which of the following locations requires the highest
illuminance?
A. A school locker room
B. A study area
C. A bank lobby
D. A residential stairway
7. When the image of a distant object is brought into focus in front of a person's retina, the defect is called
A. chromatic aberration.
B. farsightedness.
C. nearsightedness.
D. spherical aberration.
8. The glow emitted by a substance exposed to external radiation is called
A. bioluminescence.
B. phosphorescence.
C. luminescence.
D. fluorescence.
9. Reflecting telescopes are popular because they're
A. smaller than a refracting telescope.
B. easier to build than a refracting telescope.
C. more powerful than a refracting telescope.
D. more durable than a refracting telescope.
10. In any one material, all electromagnetic waves have the same
A. amplitude.
B. velocity.
C. wavelength.
D. frequency.
11. A magnifying glass is an example of a _______ lens.
A. converging
B. plano-convex
C. double-concave
D. plano-concave
12. When an object is placed 8 millimeters from a concave spherical mirror, a clear image can be projected on a screen 16 millimeters in front of the mirror. If the object has a height of 4 millimeters, the height of the image is
A. 4 millimeters.
B. 2 millimeters.
C. 12 millimeters.
D. 8 millimeters.
13. Compared to yellow light, orange light has
A. a longer wavelength.
B. the same frequency.
C. a different polarization.
D. a faster wave velocity.
14. The longest wavelength within the visible spectrum is _______ light.
A. orange
B. blue
C. red
D. violet
15. The bending of light as it passes into a transparent material of different optical intensity is known as
A. aberration.
B. conversion.
C. refraction.
D. reflection.
16. A mirror with a reflecting surface that caves inward is said to be
A. concave.
B. angular.
C. plane.
D. convex.
17. The term angle of deviation is used in reference to
A. a polarizer.
B. a lens.
C. an analyzer.
D. a prism.
18. In which of the following materials is the velocity of light greatest?
A. Fused quartz
B. Air
C. Water
D. Crown glass
19. Rays of light incident on a lens and parallel to the principal axis of the lens converge
A. in back of the lens.
B. in front of the lens.
C. at the focal point of the lens.
D. at the center of curvature of the lens.
20. Which of the following occurs when light is reflected from a rough or unpolished surface?
A. The angle of reflection is greater than the angle of incidence.
B. The original pattern of the light is distorted.
C. The original pattern of the light is preserved.
D. The angle of reflection is less than the angle of incidence.
21. A material that transmits nearly all the light in a ray because it offers little resistance to the light is
A. transparent.
B. fluorescent.
C. translucent.
D. opaque.
22. The image formed by a convex spherical mirror will always be
A. upright and smaller than the object.
B. inverted and smaller than the object.
C. inverted and larger than the object.
D. upright and larger than the object.
23. A virtual image produced by a lens is always
A. located in the back of the lens.
B. smaller than the object.
C. located in front of the lens.
D. larger than the object.
24. Which one of the following scientists did not study the properties of light?
A. Kepler
B. Newton
C. Maxwell
D. Einstein
25. Which one of the following types of electromagnetic radiation causes certain substances to fluoresce?
A. Infrared waves
B. X rays
C. Ultraviolet rays
D. Cosmic rays
Part 3: Electricity and Electronics
1. The function of a capacitor in an electric circuit is to
A. increase circuit power.
B. store electric charges.
C. measure the amount of current in the circuit.
D. allow current flow between its plates.
2. A circuit contains two devices that are connected in parallel. If the resistance of one of these devices is 12 ohms and the resistance of the other device is 4 ohms, the total resistance of the two devices is
A. 0.0625 ohms.
B. 0.333 ohms.
C. 16 ohms.
D. 3 ohms.
3. The relationship between a cathode and an anode involves
A. diodes.
B. neutrons.
C. protons.
D. electrons.
4. Electrons are emitted from a conductor when the conductor is
A. bombarded by high-speed electrons.
B. exposed to weak light.
C. cooled rapidly.
D. subjected to a small voltage.
5. A battery consists of five dry cells connected in series. If the voltage developed by each cell is 1.5 V, the total voltage developed by the battery is
A. 5.0 V.
B. 0.3 V.
C. 7.5 V.
D. 1.5 V.
6. To use your left hand to determine the direction of the voltage developed in a moving conductor in a stationary magnetic field, you must point your
A. thumb in the direction of the electromagnetic force.
B. thumb in the direction of the magnetic flux.
C. forefinger in the direction of the motion.
D. forefinger in the direction of the lines of force.
7. The available source of charge that pushes a charge through a circuit is
A. voltage.
B. alternating current.
C. direct current.
D. resistance.
8. An electric heating element is connected to a 110 V circuit and a current of 3.2 A is flowing through the element. How much energy is used up during a period of 5 hours by the element?
A. 2,580 Wh
B. 1,760 Wh
C. 352 Wh
D. 550 Wh
9. An example of an atom that has no charge is one that has
A. 3 protons, 2 electrons, and 1 neutron.
B. 1 proton, 2 electrons, and 3 neutrons.
C. 2 protons, 2 electrons, and 1 neutron.
D. 3 protons, 1 electron, and 3 neutrons.
10. In a cathode ray tube, the number of electrons that reach the fluorescent screen is controlled by the
A. anode.
B. deflecting plate.
C. cathode.
D. grid.
11. If a bar of copper is brought near a magnet, the copper bar will be
A. made into an induced magnet.
B. unaffected by the magnet.
C. attracted by the magnet.
D. repelled by the magnet.
12. If an electrically uncharged body is contacted by an electrically charged body, the uncharged body will
A. neutralize the charged body.
B. develop the opposite charge as the charged body.
C. develop the same charge as the charged body.
D. remain a neutrally charged body.
13. The part of the atom that accounts for electricity is the
A. neutron.
B. proton.
C. electron.
D. nucleus.
The following question is based on the figure below.
14. If you want to stop the current flow through Device 3 in the circuit shown above, which one of the following single switches should you open?
A. Switch S2
B. Switch S5
C. Switch S3
D. Switch S4
15. A transformer has a primary voltage of 115 V and a secondary voltage of 24 V. If the number of turns in the primary is 345, how many turns are in the secondary?
A. 8
B. 72
C. 690
D. 1,653
16. The grid in a high-vacuum triode is usually kept negatively charged with respect to the cathode so that the electrons may be
A. attracted to the anode instead of the grid.
B. accelerated toward the anode.
C. attracted to the cathode instead of the grid.
D. accelerated toward the cathode.
17. A body that has relatively few free electrons and offers comparatively great resistance to the movement of free electrons is a/an
A. capacitor.
B. coulomb.
C. insulator.
D. conductor.
18. Which of the following does not affect the electrical resistance of a body?
A. Bodies directly surrounding the body
B. Material composing the body
C. Length of the body
D. Temperature of the body
19. A complete circuit contains two parallel-connected devices and a generator for providing the electromotive force. The resistance of the first device is 12 ohms, the resistance of the second device is 4 ohms, and the voltage developed by the generator is 40 V. What is the magnitude of the current flowing through the first device?
A. 8 A
B. 13.32 A
C. 3.33 A
D. 10 A
20. If the resistance of an electric circuit is 12 ohms and the voltage in the circuit is 60 V, the current flowing through the circuit is
A. 60 A.
B. 720 A.
C. 5 A.
D. 0.2 A.
21. When an electron is displaced in a semiconductor, the hole that's left behind is
A. attracted to the anode of the voltage source.
B. incapable of carrying a charge.
C. attracted to the negative terminal of the voltage source.
D. considered an impurity in the crystal.
22. Which of the following frequencies falls in the range of RF waves used by commercial radio broadcasting stations?
A. 6,000,000 Hz
B. 600,000 Hz
C. 6,000 Hz
D. 60 Hz
23. The magnitude of the voltage induced in a conductor moving through a stationary magnetic field depends on the _______ and the _______ of the conductor.
A. distance, circumference
B. length, speed
C. color, capacitance
D. resistance, current
24. Including a full-wave rectifier in an AC circuit will yield a(n) _______ current.
A. intermittent direct
B. continuous alternating
C. continuous direct
D. intermittent alternating
25. A body that offers little resistance to the movement of free electrons from one point to another is a/an
A. conductor.
B. insulator.
C. capacitor.
D. coulomb.